Hu Mengjin, Lang Xinyue, Yang Jingang, Wang Yang, Li Wei, Gao Xiaojin, Yang Yuejin
Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev. 2024 Mar 3;21:200251. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200251. eCollection 2024 Jun.
To investigate the prevalence and outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Chinese patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) aged ≥75 years.
We identified STEMI patients aged ≥75 years between 2013 and 2014 from a multicenter registry. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The secondary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) including a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiac death, recurrent MI, stroke, revascularization, and major bleeding. Hazard ratios (HR) and associated 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.
Approximately 32.9% (n = 999) patients received primary PCI. Primary PCI was associated with lower risks of two-year all-cause mortality (18.0% vs. 36.4%; adjusted HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.45 to 0.65, P < 0.0001), MACCE (28.7% vs. 43.5%; adjusted HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.80, P < 0.0001), and cardiac death (10.0% vs. 23.6%; adjusted HR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.62, P < 0.0001) relative to no reperfusion (n = 2041) in patients aged ≥75 years. The better outcomes in two-year all-cause mortality, MACCE, and cardiac death were consistently observed in STEMI patients aged ≥85 years. No differences were observed in recurrent MI, stroke, revascularization, and major bleeding between the two groups. Additionally, in patients with relatively high-risk profiles such as cardiogenic shock or delaying hospital admission, primary PCI was also superior to no reperfusion.
Primary PCI may decrease two-year all-cause mortality, MACCE, and cardiac death in STEMI patients aged ≥75 years, even in these with age ≥85 years, cardiogenic shock, or delaying hospital admission. However, primary PCI was underutilized in Chinese clinical practice.
探讨年龄≥75岁的中国ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者接受直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的患病率及治疗结果。
我们从一个多中心登记处确定了2013年至2014年间年龄≥75岁的STEMI患者。主要结局是全因死亡率。次要结局是主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE),包括全因死亡率、心源性死亡、再发心肌梗死、中风、血运重建和大出血的综合情况。计算风险比(HR)及相关的95%置信区间(CI)。
约32.9%(n = 999)的患者接受了直接PCI。与未进行再灌注治疗的年龄≥75岁患者(n = 2041)相比,直接PCI与两年全因死亡率(18.0%对36.4%;校正HR:0.54,95%CI:0.45至0.65,P < 0.0001)、MACCE(28.7%对43.5%;校正HR:0.68,95%CI:0.59至0.80,P < 0.0001)和心源性死亡(10.0%对23.6%;校正HR:0.49,95%CI:0.38至0.62,P < 0.0001)风险较低相关。在年龄≥85岁的STEMI患者中,在两年全因死亡率、MACCE和心源性死亡方面始终观察到更好治疗结果。两组之间在再发心肌梗死、中风、血运重建和大出血方面未观察到差异。此外,在具有较高风险特征的患者中,如心源性休克或延迟入院患者,直接PCI也优于未进行再灌注治疗。
直接PCI可能降低年龄≥75岁的STEMI患者的两年全因死亡率、MACCE和心源性死亡,即使是年龄≥85岁、有心源性休克或延迟入院的患者。然而,直接PCI在中国临床实践中未得到充分利用。