Alhomaid Ali Mohammad, Moin Ahmed Muzammil
Dental Hygiene, Qassim Regional Dental Centre, Buraidah, SAU.
Dental and Oral Health, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Feb 8;16(2):e53847. doi: 10.7759/cureus.53847. eCollection 2024 Feb.
Background Non-diabetic hyperglycemia is a transitional phase of hyperglycemia that poses a hidden risk for the development of diabetes mellitus and related complications, including periodontal destruction. The current study sought to determine the prevalence of non-diabetic hyperglycemia in young adults and any possible links to periodontal health. Methods A total of 400 participants in this cross-sectional study were evaluated for non-diabetic hyperglycemia between the ages of 18 and 35 years. Group I consisted of non-diabetic hyperglycemic participants. Group II comprised an equal number of matched, healthy subjects. The groups' hyperglycemic and clinical periodontal characteristics were contrasted. Using a one-sample t-test and logistic regression analysis, the acquired data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of non-diabetic hyperglycemia was 19%, with men (13%) having a higher prevalence than women (6%). The mean fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were 114.47 ± 6.40 mg/dL and 6.10 ± 0.21%, respectively, for group I, and 85.72 ± 7.24 mg/dL and 4.38 ± 0.70% for group II. When compared to healthy controls, all periodontal parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment loss, were significantly higher in group I non-diabetic hyperglycemic patients. The regression analysis revealed statistically significant links between hyperglycemic and periodontal parameters. Conclusion The prevalence of non-diabetic hyperglycemia among young adults is a serious concern similar to that of older adults with the risk for periodontal diseases. Non-diabetic hyperglycemic considerations in young adults should be emphasized in dental and medical clinics to reduce the risk of developing diabetes mellitus and to avoid irreversible periodontal tissue damage.
背景 非糖尿病性高血糖是高血糖的一个过渡阶段，对糖尿病及其相关并发症（包括牙周破坏）的发生构成潜在风险。本研究旨在确定年轻成年人中非糖尿病性高血糖的患病率以及与牙周健康的任何可能联系。方法 在这项横断面研究中，对400名年龄在18至35岁之间的参与者进行了非糖尿病性高血糖评估。第一组由非糖尿病性高血糖参与者组成。第二组由数量相等的匹配健康受试者组成。对比两组的高血糖和临床牙周特征。使用单样本t检验和逻辑回归分析对获得的数据进行统计分析。结果 非糖尿病性高血糖的患病率为19%，男性（13%）的患病率高于女性（6%）。第一组的平均空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平分别为114.47±6.40mg/dL和6.10±0.21%，第二组分别为85.72±7.24mg/dL和4.38±0.70%。与健康对照组相比，第一组非糖尿病性高血糖患者的所有牙周参数，包括菌斑指数、牙龈指数、探诊出血、探诊深度和临床附着丧失，均显著更高。回归分析显示高血糖与牙周参数之间存在统计学上的显著联系。结论 年轻成年人中非糖尿病性高血糖的患病率令人严重担忧，与有牙周疾病风险的老年人相似。牙科和医疗诊所应重视年轻成年人中的非糖尿病性高血糖问题，以降低患糖尿病的风险并避免不可逆的牙周组织损伤。
