essential oil nanoemulsion inhibits causing root-rot disease.

BACKGROUND

() is the primary pathogenic fungus that causes () root rot disease. To control the disease, safe and efficient antifungal pesticides must currently be developed.

METHODS

In this study, we prepared and characterized a nanoemulsion of essential oil (Ne-FvEO) using ultrasonic technology and evaluated its stability. Traditional essential oil (T-FvEO) was prepared simultaneously with 1/1000 Tween-80 and 20/1000 dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The effects and inhibitory mechanism of Ne-FvEO and T-FvEO in were investigated through combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses.

RESULTS

Results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Ne-FvEO decreased from 3.65 mg/mL to 0.35 mg/mL, and its bioavailability increased by 10-fold. The results of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) showed that T-FvEO did not contain a high content of estragole compared to essential oil (FvEO) and Ne-FvEO. Combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis showed that both emulsions inhibited the growth and development of through the synthesis of the cell wall and cell membrane, energy metabolism, and genetic information of mycelium. Ne-FvEO also inhibited the expression of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase and reduced the content of 2-oxoglutarate, which inhibited the germination of spores.

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggest that Ne-FvEO effectively inhibited the growth of in in vivo. The findings contribute to our comprehension of the antifungal mechanism of essential oils (EOs) and lay the groundwork for the creation of plant-derived antifungal medicines.