Ahmad Shakil, Jaworski Coline C, Ullah Farman, Jamil Momana, Badshah Hayat, Ullah Farman, Luo Yanping
School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Department of Plant Protection, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Front Insect Sci. 2023 Jan 30;2:984348. doi: 10.3389/finsc.2022.984348. eCollection 2022.
Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are major pests of fruits and vegetables worldwide. We measured the efficacy of attractive lure mixtures in baited traps on naturally-occurring fruit flies in commercial mosaic guava and vegetables fields in Pakistan. We tested three mixtures (methyl-eugenol [ME] and cue lure [CL]; GF-120 and methyl eugenol; and GF-120 and cue lure) in eleven ratios: 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10, and 100:0. We recorded three fruit fly species: was the most abundant in baited traps, followed by , while was significantly less attracted to baited traps. We also found that the most attractive mixture and ratio varied among species: was most attracted by 40CL:60ME, while was most and equally attracted by 100ME, 10CL:90ME, 20CL:80ME, 30CL:70ME, and 40CL:60ME. Finally, was most attracted by 10CL:90ME, which resulted in the highest total number of flies counted in 10CL:90ME-baited traps. Mixtures with GF-120 were less attractive to all three species. Our results suggest that lure mixtures in baited traps influence the attraction of fruit flies in a species-specific way. This needs to be considered in the integrated pest management of multiple species of fruit flies simultaneously. If species are most damaging and abundant, a 40CL:60ME mixture in baited traps will likely be most effective to reduce pest abundance and crop damage. However, if is the main pest target causing most crop damage and yield loss, 10CL:90ME-baited traps will be a more effective in their monitoring and management.
果蝇（双翅目：实蝇科）是全球水果和蔬菜的主要害虫。我们在巴基斯坦商业性镶嵌番石榴和蔬菜田中，测量了诱饵诱捕器中引诱剂混合物对自然发生的果蝇的诱捕效果。我们测试了三种混合物（甲基丁香酚[ME]和诱蝇酮[CL]；GF - 120和甲基丁香酚；以及GF - 120和诱蝇酮），共11种比例：0:100、10:90、20:80、30:70、40:60、50:50、60:40、70:30、80:20、90:10和100:0。我们记录到三种果蝇物种： 在诱饵诱捕器中数量最多，其次是 ，而 对诱饵诱捕器的吸引力明显较小。我们还发现，最具吸引力的混合物和比例因物种而异： 对40CL:60ME的吸引力最大，而 对100ME、10CL:90ME、20CL:80ME、30CL:70ME和40CL:60ME的吸引力最大且相同。最后， 对10CL:90ME的吸引力最大，这使得在装有10CL:90ME诱饵的诱捕器中计数的果蝇总数最高。含有GF - 120的混合物对所有这三种物种的吸引力较小。我们的结果表明，诱饵诱捕器中的引诱剂混合物以物种特异性的方式影响果蝇的吸引力。在同时对多种果蝇进行综合虫害管理时需要考虑这一点。如果 物种造成的危害最大且数量最多，那么在诱饵诱捕器中使用40CL:60ME混合物可能最有效地减少害虫数量和作物损害。然而，如果 是导致大部分作物损害和产量损失的主要害虫目标，那么装有10CL:90ME诱饵的诱捕器在其监测和管理中将更有效。
