Choo Yi-Seul, Hong Sang Wook, Koo Ga Eun, Han Su-Hyun
Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 102, Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2023 Feb 5;21(3):329-335. doi: 10.1007/s41105-023-00449-1. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Dreaming may be affected by sleep behavior; however, evidence of the effect of chronotypes on dreaming is limited. We investigated sleep patterns, dream recall, and nightmare distress according to chronotypes. This cross-sectional study retrospectively enrolled adult participants (age > 18 years) who visited a sleep laboratory between 2016 and 2021 and underwent standard polysomnography (PSG) and completed a self-reported questionnaire. Patients with major sleep disorders were excluded. Chronotypes and dreaming components were assessed using the Korean version of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire and a nine-item dreaming questionnaire (nightmare distress and dream recall), respectively. Among healthy participants without major sleep disorders, the eveningness chronotype correlated with better dream recall than the morningness and intermediate chronotypes. Participants with the eveningness chronotype were younger and more likely to be unmarried than those with the other chronotypes. No significant chronotype-based difference was observed in the subjective measurements of sleep quality, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, depression, and anxiety or in respiration and movement events on PSG. In multivariate linear regression analysis, the chronotypes were independently related to nightmare distress ( = - 0.296; = 0.002) and dream recall ( = - 0.334; = 0.002). The apnea-hypopnea index was associated with nightmare distress ( = - 0.209; = 0.029) and dream recall ( = - 0.189; = 0.044). Depression was positively correlated with nightmare distress ( = 0.450; = 0.002). Dream recall was best in the eveningness group among healthy adults. Greater eveningness was associated with higher nightmare distress and better dream recall. Further research is needed to understand the role of chronotypes in dreaming.
做梦可能会受到睡眠行为的影响；然而，关于昼夜节律类型对做梦影响的证据有限。我们根据昼夜节律类型调查了睡眠模式、梦的回忆和噩梦困扰情况。这项横断面研究回顾性纳入了2016年至2021年间前往睡眠实验室、接受标准多导睡眠图（PSG）检查并完成一份自我报告问卷的成年参与者（年龄>18岁）。排除患有严重睡眠障碍的患者。分别使用韩国版的晨型-夜型问卷和一份九项梦问卷（噩梦困扰和梦的回忆）来评估昼夜节律类型和做梦相关成分。在没有严重睡眠障碍的健康参与者中，夜型昼夜节律类型与比晨型和中间型昼夜节律类型更好的梦的回忆相关。夜型昼夜节律类型的参与者比其他昼夜节律类型的参与者更年轻且更可能未婚。在睡眠质量、失眠、日间嗜睡、抑郁和焦虑的主观测量方面，或在PSG上的呼吸和运动事件方面，未观察到基于昼夜节律类型的显著差异。在多变量线性回归分析中，昼夜节律类型与噩梦困扰（β = - 0.296；P = 0.002）和梦的回忆（β = - 0.334；P = 0.002）独立相关。呼吸暂停低通气指数与噩梦困扰（β = - 0.209；P = 0.029）和梦的回忆（β = - 0.189；P = 0.044）相关。抑郁与噩梦困扰呈正相关（β = 0.450；P = 0.002）。在健康成年人中，夜型组的梦的回忆最佳。更强的夜型倾向与更高的噩梦困扰和更好的梦的回忆相关。需要进一步研究以了解昼夜节律类型在做梦中的作用。
