Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
J Exp Bot. 2024 Jul 23;75(14):4195-4209. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erae112.
Plants are sessile by nature, and as such they have evolved to sense changes in seasonality and their surrounding environment, and adapt to these changes. One prime example of this is the regulation of flowering time in angiosperms, which is precisely timed by the coordinated action of two proteins: FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1). Both of these regulators are members of the PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE BINDING PROTEIN (PEBP) family of proteins. These regulatory proteins do not interact with DNA themselves, but instead interact with transcriptional regulators, such as FLOWERING LOCUS D (FD). FT and TFL1 were initially identified as key regulators of flowering time, acting through binding with FD; however, PEBP family members are also involved in shaping plant architecture and development. In addition, PEBPs can interact with TCP transcriptional regulators, such as TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1 (TB1), a well-known regulator of plant architecture, and key domestication-related genes in many crops. Here, we review the role of PEBPs in flowering time, plant architecture, and development. As these are also key yield-related traits, we highlight examples from the model plant Arabidopsis as well as important food and feed crops such as, rice, barley, wheat, tomato, and potato.
植物在本质上是固着的，因此它们进化出了感知季节性和周围环境变化并适应这些变化的能力。被子植物开花时间的调控就是一个很好的例子，它是由两种蛋白质的协调作用精确控制的：开花时间基因（FT）和终端花 1 基因（TFL1）。这两个调节剂都是磷酸乙醇胺结合蛋白（PEBP）家族蛋白的成员。这些调节蛋白本身并不与 DNA 相互作用，而是与转录调节剂相互作用，如 FD。FT 和 TFL1 最初被确定为开花时间的关键调节剂，通过与 FD 结合发挥作用；然而，PEBP 家族成员也参与了植物结构和发育的塑造。此外，PEBPs 可以与 TCP 转录调节剂相互作用，如 TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1（TB1），它是植物结构的一个著名调节剂，也是许多作物中关键的驯化相关基因。在这里，我们回顾了 PEBPs 在开花时间、植物结构和发育中的作用。由于这些也是与产量相关的关键特征，我们强调了模式植物拟南芥以及重要的粮食和饲料作物（如水稻、大麦、小麦、番茄和土豆）中的例子。
