Kazibwe Joseph, Gad Mohamed, Abassah-Konadu Emmanuella, Amankwah Ivy, Owusu Richmond, Gulbi Godwin, Torres-Rueda Sergio, Asare Brian, Vassall Anna, Ruiz Francis
Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Mar 12;4(3):e0001904. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001904. eCollection 2024.
Diabetes remains one of the four major causes of morbidity and mortality globally among non-communicable diseases (NCDs. It is predicted to increase in sub-Saharan Africa by over 50% by 2045. The aim of this study is to identify, map and estimate the burden of diabetes in Ghana, which is essential for optimising NCD country policy and understanding existing knowledge gaps to guide future research in this area. We followed the Arksey and O'Malley framework for scoping reviews. We searched electronic databases including Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and African Index Medicus following a systematic search strategy. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews was followed when reporting the results. A total of 36 studies were found to fulfil the inclusion criteria. The reported prevalence of diabetes at national level in Ghana ranged between 2.80%- 3.95%. At the regional level, the Western region reported the highest prevalence of diabetes: 39.80%, followed by Ashanti region (25.20%) and Central region at 24.60%. The prevalence of diabetes was generally higher in women in comparison to men. Urban areas were found to have a higher prevalence of diabetes than rural areas. The mean annual financial cost of managing one diabetic case at the outpatient clinic was estimated at GHS 540.35 (2021 US $194.09). There was a paucity of evidence on the overall economic burden and the regional prevalence burden. Ghana is faced with a considerable burden of diabetes which varies by region and setting (urban/rural). There is an urgent need for effective and efficient interventions to prevent the anticipated elevation in burden of disease through the utilisation of existing evidence and proven priority-setting tools like Health Technology Assessment (HTA).
在全球非传染性疾病（NCDs）中，糖尿病仍然是发病和死亡的四大主要原因之一。预计到2045年，撒哈拉以南非洲地区的糖尿病患病率将增长超过50%。本研究的目的是识别、绘制加纳糖尿病负担情况并进行估算，这对于优化该国非传染性疾病政策以及了解现有知识差距以指导该领域未来研究至关重要。我们遵循了阿克斯和奥马利的范围审查框架。按照系统检索策略，我们检索了包括Medline、Embase、科学引文索引、Scopus、Cochrane和非洲医学索引在内的电子数据库。报告结果时遵循了《系统评价与Meta分析优先报告条目：范围审查扩展版》。共发现36项研究符合纳入标准。加纳全国层面报告的糖尿病患病率在2.80%至3.95%之间。在地区层面，西部地区报告的糖尿病患病率最高：39.80%，其次是阿散蒂地区（25.20%），中部地区为24.60%。与男性相比，女性糖尿病患病率总体上更高。发现城市地区的糖尿病患病率高于农村地区。在门诊诊所管理一例糖尿病患者的年均财务成本估计为540.35加纳塞地（2021年为194.09美元）。关于总体经济负担和地区患病率负担的证据不足。加纳面临着相当大的糖尿病负担，且因地区和环境（城市/农村）而异。迫切需要通过利用现有证据和经过验证的优先排序工具（如卫生技术评估（HTA）），采取有效且高效的干预措施，以防止预期的疾病负担上升。
