Cao Deyan, Zhu Zhu, Zhao Siyuan, Zhang Xi, Lin Jianzai, Wang Junji, Zeng Qinghong, Zhu Meilin
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
Molecules. 2024 Feb 22;29(5):972. doi: 10.3390/molecules29050972.
The determination and evaluation of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seven Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) were conducted through a rapid and straightforward extraction and purification method, coupled with GC-MS. A sample-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) pretreatment technique, incorporating isotopic internal standards, was employed for detecting various medicinal parts of CHMs. The assay exhibited linearity within the range of 5 to 500 ng/mL, with linear coefficients (R) for PAHs exceeding 0.999. The recoveries of spiked standards ranged from 63.37% to 133.12%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 0.75% to 14.54%. The total PAH content varied from 176.906 to 1414.087 μg/kg. Among the 16 PAHs, phenanthrene (Phe) was consistently detected at the highest levels (47.045-168.640 μg/kg). Characteristic ratio analysis indicated that oil, coal, and biomass combustion were the primary sources of PAHs in CHMs. The health risk associated with CHMs was assessed using the lifetime carcinogenic risk approach, revealing potential health risks from the consumption of honeysuckle, while the health risks of consuming berries were deemed negligible. For the other five CHMs (glycyrrhizae, , ginseng, lotus seed, seed of ), the health risk from consumption fell within acceptable ranges. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses utilizing Monte Carlo exposure assessment methods identified PAH levels in CHMs as health risk sensitizers. It is crucial to recognize that the consumption of herbal medicines is not a continuous process but entails potential health risks. Hence, the monitoring and risk assessment of PAH residues in CHMs demand careful attention.
通过一种快速简便的提取和净化方法，结合气相色谱 - 质谱联用技术，对七种中药材中的16种多环芳烃（PAHs）进行了测定和评估。采用基于样品的固相萃取（SPE）预处理技术，并结合同位素内标，用于检测中药材的各个药用部位。该测定方法在5至500 ng/mL范围内呈现线性，PAHs的线性系数（R）超过0.999。加标标准品的回收率在63.37%至133.12%之间，相对标准偏差（RSDs）在0.75%至14.54%之间。总PAH含量在176.906至1414.087 μg/kg之间。在16种PAHs中，菲（Phe）始终以最高水平被检测到（47.045 - 168.640 μg/kg）。特征比值分析表明，石油、煤炭和生物质燃烧是中药材中PAHs的主要来源。使用终生致癌风险方法评估了与中药材相关的健康风险，结果显示食用金银花存在潜在健康风险，而食用浆果的健康风险可忽略不计。对于其他五种中药材（甘草、人参、莲子、[此处原文缺失一种中药材名称]种子），食用带来的健康风险在可接受范围内。此外，利用蒙特卡洛暴露评估方法进行的敏感性分析确定中药材中的PAH水平为健康风险敏感因素。必须认识到，食用草药并非持续过程，但存在潜在健康风险。因此，对中药材中PAH残留的监测和风险评估需要予以密切关注。
