Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Sep 5;16(18):3267. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183267.
Vegetable contamination in mining and smelting areas has resulted in high dietary intakes of heavy metals, which pose potential health risks to local residents. In this study, paired soil-vegetable samples were collected around Pb/Zn smelters in Southwest China. Probabilistic risks to local residents via vegetable consumption were evaluated with a Monte Carlo simulation. The mean concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the soils were 116.76, 3.59, 158.56, 196.96, and 236.74 mg/kg, respectively. About 38.18%, 58.49%, and 52.83% of the vegetable samples exceeded the maximum allowable concentrations for As, Cd, and Pb, respectively. The daily dietary intake of As, Cd, and Pb exceeded the provisional tolerable daily intakes for local residents, with children showing the highest intake via vegetable consumption. The percentages of the target hazard quotients of As, Cd, and Pb for local residents exceeding the safe value of one were about 95%, 50%, and 25%, respectively. The 95th percentiles of the hazard index for children, adolescents, and adults were 15.71, 11.15, and 9.34, respectively, indicating significant risks to local residents, especially children. These results highlight a need to develop effective strategies to reduce heavy metal contamination and exposure to protect human health.
矿区和冶炼区的蔬菜污染导致重金属膳食摄入量高，对当地居民构成潜在健康风险。本研究在中国西南部 Pb/Zn 冶炼厂周围采集了土壤-蔬菜配对样本。采用蒙特卡罗模拟评估了当地居民通过食用蔬菜摄入重金属的概率风险。土壤中 As、Cd、Cu、Pb 和 Zn 的平均浓度分别为 116.76、3.59、158.56、196.96 和 236.74mg/kg。约 38.18%、58.49%和 52.83%的蔬菜样本超过了 As、Cd 和 Pb 的最大允许浓度。当地居民的 As、Cd 和 Pb 的日膳食摄入量超过了暂定可耐受日摄入量，儿童通过食用蔬菜摄入的最高。当地居民的目标危害系数（As、Cd 和 Pb）超过安全值 1 的百分比约为 95%、50%和 25%，分别。儿童、青少年和成年人的危害指数 95 百分位数分别为 15.71、11.15 和 9.34，表明当地居民，尤其是儿童面临重大风险。这些结果强调需要制定有效策略来减少重金属污染和暴露，以保护人类健康。
