Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Molecules. 2024 Mar 5;29(5):1147. doi: 10.3390/molecules29051147.
Currently, in the ongoing development of the tobacco industry, a large amount of tobacco rhizomes is discarded as waste. These wastes are usually disposed of through incineration or burial. However, these tobacco wastes still have some economic value. High-purity nicotine has a promising market outlook as the primary raw material for electronic cigarette liquid. Nicotine is not only found in tobacco leaves but also in the rhizomes of tobacco plants. This study presents a method for treating tobacco waste and extracting high-purity nicotine from it. After mixing the raw material powder and entrainer in specific ratios, as much of the nicotine in tobacco roots can be extracted as possible using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The effects of temperature, the ratio of the entrainer, and the volume fraction of ethanol in the entrainer on the nicotine yield in supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) at 25 MPa for 120 min were discussed. By using 90% ethanol (a raw material mass-to-volume ratio of 1:5) as the entrainer, we obtained the highest nicotine yield of 0.49% at 65 °C. Meanwhile, the purity of the crude extract was 61.71%, and after purification, it increased to 97.57%. In this way, we can not only obtain nicotine with market value but also further reduce the harm to the environment caused by tobacco waste disposal.
目前，在烟草行业的持续发展过程中，大量的烟草根茎被当作废物丢弃。这些废物通常通过焚烧或掩埋来处理。然而，这些烟草废物仍然具有一定的经济价值。高纯度尼古丁作为电子烟液的主要原料，具有广阔的市场前景。尼古丁不仅存在于烟叶中，也存在于烟草植物的根茎中。本研究提出了一种从烟草废物中提取高纯度尼古丁的方法。将原料粉末与夹带剂按一定比例混合后，使用超临界二氧化碳萃取尽可能多地从烟草根中提取尼古丁。讨论了温度、夹带剂的比例以及夹带剂中乙醇体积分数对 25MPa 下 120min 超临界流体萃取（SFE）中尼古丁收率的影响。采用 90%乙醇（原料质量与体积比为 1:5）作为夹带剂，在 65°C 时可获得最高的尼古丁收率 0.49%。同时，粗提物的纯度为 61.71%，经过提纯后增加到 97.57%。这样，我们不仅可以获得有市场价值的尼古丁，还可以进一步减少烟草废物处理对环境造成的危害。
