Rodkey Nathan, Gomar-Fernández Inma, Ventosinos Federico, Roldan-Carmona Cristina, Koster L Jan Anton, Bolink Henk J
Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Edificios Institutos de Paterna Calle Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh, 4, Groningen AE NL-9700, The Netherlands.
ACS Energy Lett. 2024 Feb 11;9(3):927-933. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c02794. eCollection 2024 Mar 8.
Vacuum techniques for perovskite photovoltaics (PV) are promising for their scalability but are rarely studied with techniques readily adaptable for industry. In this work, we study the use of close-space sublimation (CSS) for making perovskite solar cells, a technique that has seen widespread use in industry, including in PV, and benefits from high material-transfer and low working pressures. A pressed pellet of formamidinium iodide (FAI) can be used multiple times as an organic source, without needing replacement. Using CSS at a rough vacuum (10 mbar), efficient cesium formamidinium lead iodide perovskite based solar cells are obtained reaching a maximum photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.7%. They maintain their performance for >650 h when thermally stressed at 85 °C in a nitrogen environment. To explain the initial rise in PCE upon heating, we used drift-diffusion simulations and identified a reduction in bulk trap density as the primary factor.
用于钙钛矿光伏（PV）的真空技术因其可扩展性而颇具前景，但很少使用易于适应工业生产的技术进行研究。在这项工作中，我们研究了使用近距离升华（CSS）来制造钙钛矿太阳能电池，该技术在包括光伏在内的工业中已得到广泛应用，并受益于高材料传输率和低工作压力。碘化甲脒（FAI）压制片可多次用作有机源，无需更换。在粗真空（10毫巴）下使用CSS，可获得基于铯甲脒碘化铅钙钛矿的高效太阳能电池，其最大光电转换效率（PCE）达到18.7%。在氮气环境中于85°C热应力下，它们的性能可保持>650小时。为了解释加热时PCE的初始上升，我们使用了漂移扩散模拟，并确定体陷阱密度的降低是主要因素。
