First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Histol Histopathol. 2024 Oct;39(10):1245-1271. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-727. Epub 2024 Mar 1.
While several treatment choices exist for cervical cancer, such as surgical therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, some patients will still show poor prognosis. HPV infection is a principal factor for cervical cancer development, from early inflammation to proliferation, angiogenesis, and neoplastic growth. While HPV T-cell responses exist, the tumor seems to evade the immune system upon its tolerance. The latter suggests the existence of a confluent tumor microenvironment responsible for the evasion tactics employed by the neoplasm. Therefore, novel biomarkers governing prognosis and treatment planning must be developed, with several studies tackling the significance of the tumor microenvironment in the genesis, development, proliferation, and overall response of cervical cancer during neoplastic processes. This review aims to analyze and contemplate the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment and its role in prognosis, progression, evasion, and invasion, including therapeutic outcome and overall survival.
虽然宫颈癌有几种治疗选择，如手术治疗、化疗和放疗，但仍有部分患者预后不佳。HPV 感染是宫颈癌发展的一个主要因素，从早期炎症到增殖、血管生成和肿瘤生长。尽管存在 HPV T 细胞反应，但肿瘤似乎在耐受时逃避了免疫系统。后者表明存在一个融合的肿瘤微环境，负责肿瘤所采用的逃避策略。因此，必须开发新的生物标志物来预测预后和治疗计划，许多研究都在探讨肿瘤微环境在肿瘤发生、发展、增殖以及肿瘤过程中宫颈癌整体反应中的意义。本综述旨在分析和思考肿瘤微环境的特征及其在预后、进展、逃避和侵袭中的作用，包括治疗结果和总生存率。
