Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
Front Public Health. 2024 Feb 29;12:1306284. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1306284. eCollection 2024.
To evaluate short-term changes in knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 and preventive measures during the post-acute phase of the pandemic in Spain.
A survey was performed in Catalonia and Navarre between May-2022 and July-2023 in household contacts of COVID-19 cases. Knowledge and attitude were assessed at baseline and at three months, using a Likert scale. Responses were grouped according to correct or incorrect.
At baseline, 172 subjects were contacted, 118 (69%) of which completed a follow-up interview three months later. Knowledge of correct hand-washing and mask protocols had maintained over time (-1.7%, = 0.553 and - 2.5%, = 0.473, respectively). Attitudes toward preventive measures was adequate in the first interview (86%), but attitudes regarding use of face masks decreased significantly (-9.1%, = 0.048) over time in participants with higher risk of severe COVID-19. However, most short-term changes in knowledge and attitudes were not statistically significant.
Household contacts showed correct knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 and its preventive measures, without significant changes in the short term despite a relaxation of government-mandated preventive measures. These results provide relevant information in case of a new health emergency due to respiratory viruses.
评估西班牙大流行后急性阶段期间 COVID-19 知识和态度以及预防措施的短期变化。
在 2022 年 5 月至 2023 年 7 月期间，在 COVID-19 病例的家庭接触者中，在加泰罗尼亚和纳瓦拉进行了一项调查。使用李克特量表在基线和三个月时评估知识和态度。根据正确或错误对回答进行分组。
在基线时，联系了 172 名受试者，其中 118 名（69%）在三个月后完成了随访访谈。正确洗手和戴口罩协议的知识随着时间的推移保持不变（分别减少 1.7%，=0.553 和减少 2.5%，=0.473）。预防措施的态度在第一次访谈中是适当的（86%），但在有更高 COVID-19 严重风险的参与者中，随着时间的推移，对面罩使用的态度显著下降（减少 9.1%，=0.048）。然而，知识和态度的短期变化大多没有统计学意义。
家庭接触者对 COVID-19 及其预防措施表现出正确的知识和态度，尽管政府强制预防措施有所放松，但在短期内没有明显变化。这些结果为由于呼吸道病毒引起的新的卫生紧急情况提供了相关信息。
