Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 May;10(3):e1410. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1410.
Probiotic strains have the potential to modulate immune responses, reduce intestinal inflammation, normalize intestinal mucosal function and decrease allergic reactions.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral probiotic supplements containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans spores on clinical symptoms, haematological factors and immune responses to allergic contact dermatitis in dogs induced by dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB).
DNCB was injected subcutaneously into the scapular region of 20 healthy adult dogs of both sexes, divided into four groups, to induce experimental allergic contact dermatitis. Dogs in Group 1 received food without probiotics or medication. Oral prednisolone was administered to Group 2 for 30 days at a dosage of 0.25 mg/kg every other day. The dogs in Group 3 were treated with a combination of oral prednisolone and probiotics. The dogs in Group 4 were fed daily with a mixture of 10 B. subtilis and B. coagulans bacteria for 30 days. The immune system responses and related gene expression were analysed in the treated animals.
The administration of probiotics for 30 days resulted in a reduction in clinical symptoms and duration of wound repair. The probiotics treatment also significantly increased the serum bactericidal effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It enhanced both the classic and alternative activity of the complement, as well as lysozyme activity. Additionally, the probiotics led to higher total immunoglobulin levels and significant reductions in anti-trypsin and C-reactive protein levels. Furthermore, the expression of IgE, induction of interferon-gamma and IL-4 genes were also reduced.
According to the results, B. subtilis and B. coagulans can be further investigated as a viable alternative to corticosteroids in treating allergic contact dermatitis in dogs.
益生菌菌株具有调节免疫反应、减轻肠道炎症、使肠道黏膜功能正常化和减少过敏反应的潜力。
本研究旨在研究含有枯草芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌孢子的口服益生菌补充剂对二硝基氯苯（DNCB）诱导的犬过敏性接触性皮炎的临床症状、血液因素和免疫反应的影响。
将 DNCB 皮下注射到 20 只健康成年雌雄犬的肩胛区，将其分为 4 组，以诱导实验性过敏性接触性皮炎。第 1 组狗不食用益生菌或药物。第 2 组狗每天口服泼尼松龙，剂量为 0.25mg/kg，每隔一天一次，共 30 天。第 3 组狗接受泼尼松龙和益生菌联合治疗。第 4 组狗每天喂食 10 株枯草芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌混合物，共 30 天。对治疗动物的免疫系统反应和相关基因表达进行了分析。
30 天的益生菌治疗可减少临床症状和伤口愈合时间。益生菌治疗还显著提高了对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的血清杀菌作用。它增强了补体的经典和替代活性以及溶菌酶活性。此外，益生菌还导致总免疫球蛋白水平升高，抗胰蛋白酶和 C 反应蛋白水平显著降低。此外，益生菌还降低了 IgE 的表达，减少了干扰素-γ和 IL-4 基因的诱导。
根据结果，枯草芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌可以进一步作为治疗犬过敏性接触性皮炎的皮质类固醇替代物进行研究。
