Beck Patricia, Matusiewicz David, Schouler-Ocak Meryam, Khan Zohra, Peppler Lisa, Schenk Liane
FOM University of Applied Sciences for Economics and Management, Germany.
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Germany.
Heliyon. 2024 Mar 4;10(6):e27331. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27331. eCollection 2024 Mar 30.
Sociocultural diversity in the German health care system is increasingly reflected in multicultural teams and the diversity of patients. To ensure successful collaboration in a multicultural environment and effective care to diverse patients the importance of cross-cultural competence training is growing. There is a lack of evidence-based training approaches for the German health care system, and it is unclear how the theoretical-conceptual promotion of cross-cultural competence can be achieved sustainably. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cross-cultural competence training for German health care professionals. A quasi-experimental evaluation study in two German hospitals was conducted. Cross-cultural competence was examined in an intervention and a control group (n = 196) using the self-reported instrument Cross-Cultural Competence of Healthcare Professionals (CCCHP) and analyzed with SPSS Statistics 25. Cross-cultural training had a cognitive level impact on knowledge, awareness, and attitudes and showed a highly significant reduction in social desirability. On an affective level, cross-cultural motivation and curiosity initially increased at t1 and decreased at t2. Cross-cultural emotion and empathy increased slightly. On a behavioral level, cross-cultural skills decreased after the training. For sustainable effects, cross-cultural training should focus more on practical skills in addition to theoretical content. Training interventions should be long-term. The results show that more needs to be done in the German health care sector to meet the increasing diversity and demands.
德国医疗保健系统中的社会文化多样性日益体现在多元文化团队和患者的多样性上。为确保在多元文化环境中成功协作并为不同患者提供有效护理，跨文化能力培训的重要性日益凸显。德国医疗保健系统缺乏基于证据的培训方法，且尚不清楚如何可持续地实现跨文化能力的理论概念提升。本研究的目的是评估针对德国医疗保健专业人员的跨文化能力培训的有效性。在德国的两家医院进行了一项准实验性评估研究。使用自我报告工具《医疗保健专业人员的跨文化能力》（CCCHP）对干预组和对照组（n = 196）的跨文化能力进行了考察，并使用SPSS Statistics 25进行分析。跨文化培训对知识、意识和态度产生了认知层面的影响，并显示出社会期望的显著降低。在情感层面，跨文化动机和好奇心在t1时最初增加，在t2时下降。跨文化情感和同理心略有增加。在行为层面，培训后跨文化技能下降。为了实现可持续的效果，除了理论内容外，跨文化培训应更多地关注实践技能。培训干预应该是长期的。结果表明，德国医疗保健部门需要做更多工作来满足日益增长的多样性和需求。
