Department of Schistosomiasis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Focus Disease Control Technology, Dali, 671000, China.
Parasit Vectors. 2024 Mar 21;17(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s13071-024-06227-3.
The elimination of schistosomiasis remains a challenging task, with current measures primarily focused on the monitoring and control of Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis) snail, the sole intermediate host of Schistosome japonicum. Given the emerging, re-emerging, and persistent habitats of snails, understanding their genetic diversity might be essential for their successful monitoring and control. The aims of this study were to analyze the genetic diversity of Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni (O. h. robertsoni) using microsatellite DNA markers; and validate the applicability of previously identified microsatellite loci for O. hupensis in hilly regions.
A total of 17 populations of O. h. robertsoni from Yunnan Province in China were selected for analysis of genetic diversity using six microsatellite DNA polymorphic loci (P82, P84, T4-22, T5-11, T5-13, and T6-27).
The number of alleles among populations ranged from 0 to 19, with an average of 5. The average ranges of expected (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosity within populations were 0.506 to 0.761 and 0.443 to 0.792, respectively. The average fixation index within the population ranged from - 0.801 to 0.211. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) within the population ranged from 0.411 to 0.757, appearing to be polymorphic for all loci (all PIC > 0.5), except for P28 and P48. A total of 68 loci showed significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.05), and pairwise Fst values ranged from 0.051 to 0.379. The analysis of molecular variance indicated that 88% of the variation occurred within snail populations, whereas 12% occurred among snail populations. Phylogenetic trees and principal coordinate analysis revealed two distinct clusters within the snail population, corresponding to "Yunnan North" and "Yunnan South".
O. h. robertsoni exhibited a relatively high level of genetic differentiation, with variation chiefly existing within snail populations. All snail in this region could be separated into two clusters. The microsatellite loci P82 and P84 might not be suitable for classification studies of O. hupensis in hilly regions. These findings provided important information for the monitoring and control of snail, and for further genetic diversity studies on snail populations.
消除血吸虫病仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务，目前的措施主要集中在监测和控制唯一的中间宿主钉螺。鉴于钉螺不断出现、再次出现和持续存在的栖息地，了解其遗传多样性对于成功监测和控制可能至关重要。本研究旨在利用微卫星 DNA 标记分析曼氏血吸虫罗伯逊钉螺（O. h. robertsoni）的遗传多样性，并验证先前鉴定的微卫星位点在丘陵地区用于钉螺的适用性。
从中国云南省选择了 17 个罗伯逊钉螺种群，使用 6 个微卫星 DNA 多态性位点（P82、P84、T4-22、T5-11、T5-13 和 T6-27）分析遗传多样性。
种群间等位基因数范围为 0 至 19，平均值为 5。种群内预期（He）和观察（Ho）杂合度的平均范围分别为 0.506 至 0.761 和 0.443 至 0.792。种群内固定指数的平均值范围为-0.801 至 0.211。种群内平均多态信息含量（PIC）范围为 0.411 至 0.757，除 P28 和 P48 外，所有位点均表现出多态性（所有 PIC>0.5）。68 个位点共显示出与 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡的显著偏离（P<0.05），成对 Fst 值范围为 0.051 至 0.379。分子方差分析表明，88%的变异发生在钉螺种群内，而 12%的变异发生在钉螺种群间。系统发育树和主坐标分析显示，在螺种群内存在两个明显的聚类，对应于“云南北”和“云南南”。
O. h. robertsoni 表现出相对较高的遗传分化水平，变异主要存在于螺种群内。该地区的所有螺都可以分为两个聚类。微卫星位点 P82 和 P84 可能不适合丘陵地区钉螺分类研究。这些发现为螺的监测和控制以及进一步的螺种群遗传多样性研究提供了重要信息。
