Wang Xin, Liu Yue, Ouyang Lei, Yao Ruonan, Yu Tingting, Yan Liying, Chen Yuning, Huai Dongxin, Zhou Xiaojing, Wang Zhihui, Kang Yanping, Wang Qianqian, Jiang Huifang, Lei Yong, Liao Boshou
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.
State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Mar 7;15:1362277. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1362277. eCollection 2024.
Peanut ( L.), also called groundnut is an important oil and cash crop grown widely in the world. The annual global production of groundnuts has increased to approximately 50 million tons, which provides a rich source of vegetable oils and proteins for humans. Low temperature (non-freezing) is one of the major factors restricting peanut growth, yield, and geographic distribution. Since the complexity of cold-resistance trait, the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance and related gene networks were largely unknown in peanut.
In this study, comparative transcriptomic analysis of two peanut cultivars (SLH vs. ZH12) with differential cold tolerance under low temperature (10°C) was performed using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) platform.
As a result, we identified 8,949 novel gene loci and 95,291 new/novel isoforms compared with the reference database. More differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered in cold-sensitive cultivar (ZH12) than cold-tolerant cultivar (SLH), while more alternative splicing events were found in SLH compared to ZH12. Gene Ontology (GO) analyses of the common DEGs showed that the "response to stress", "chloroplast part", and "transcription factor activity" were the most enriched GO terms, indicating that photosynthesis process and transcription factors play crucial roles in cold stress response in peanut. We also detected a total of 708 differential alternative splicing genes (DASGs) under cold stress compared to normal condition. Intron retention (IR) and exon skipping (ES) were the most prevalent alternative splicing (AS) events. In total, 4,993 transcription factors and 292 splicing factors were detected, many of them had differential expression levels and/or underwent AS events in response to cold stress. Overexpression of two candidate genes (encoding trehalose-6-phosphatephosphatases, AhTPPs) in yeast improves cold tolerance. This study not only provides valuable resources for the study of cold resistance in peanut but also lay a foundation for genetic modification of cold regulators to enhance stress tolerance in crops.
花生（Arachis hypogaea L.），又称地豆，是一种重要的油料和经济作物，在全球广泛种植。全球花生年产量已增至约5000万吨，为人类提供了丰富的植物油和蛋白质来源。低温（非冰冻）是限制花生生长、产量及地理分布的主要因素之一。由于抗寒性状的复杂性，花生耐寒性的分子机制及相关基因网络在很大程度上尚不清楚。
本研究利用牛津纳米孔技术（ONT）平台，对两个在低温（10°C）下具有不同耐寒性的花生品种（SLH与ZH12）进行了比较转录组分析。
结果显示，与参考数据库相比，我们鉴定出8949个新基因位点和95291个新的/新颖的异构体。在冷敏感品种（ZH12）中发现的差异表达基因（DEG）比耐寒品种（SLH）更多，而与ZH12相比，SLH中发现了更多的可变剪接事件。对共同DEG的基因本体（GO）分析表明，“对胁迫的响应”、“叶绿体部分”和“转录因子活性”是最富集的GO术语，表明光合作用过程和转录因子在花生冷胁迫响应中起关键作用。与正常条件相比，我们还在冷胁迫下共检测到708个差异可变剪接基因（DASG）。内含子保留（IR）和外显子跳跃（ES）是最普遍的可变剪接（AS）事件。总共检测到4993个转录因子和292个剪接因子，其中许多在响应冷胁迫时具有差异表达水平和/或经历了AS事件。两个候选基因（编码海藻糖-6-磷酸磷酸酶，AhTPPs）在酵母中的过表达提高了耐寒性。本研究不仅为花生抗寒研究提供了有价值的资源，也为通过基因改造冷调节因子来增强作物抗逆性奠定了基础。
