State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 21;22(21):11369. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111369.
Serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins are important splicing factors in plant development and abiotic/hormone-related stresses. However, evidence that SR proteins contribute to the process in woody plants has been lacking. Using phylogenetics, gene synteny, transgenic experiments, and RNA-seq analysis, we identified 24 genes and explored their evolution, expression, and function in . The genes were divided into six subfamilies, generated by at least two events of genome triplication and duplication. Notably, they were constitutively expressed in roots, stems, and leaves, demonstrating their fundamental role in . Additionally, most genes (83%) responded to at least one stress (cold, drought, salt, SA, MeJA, or ABA), and, especially, cold stress induced a dramatic perturbation in the expression and/or alternative splicing (AS) of 18 genes (75%). Evidentially, the overexpression of in decreased freezing tolerance, which probably resulted from AS changes of the genes (e.g., and ) critical for cold tolerance. Moreover, the transgenic plants were salt-hypersensitive at the germination stage. These indicate that may act as a negative regulator under cold and salt stress. Altogether, this study sheds light on the evolution, expression, and AS of genes, and the functional mechanisms of in woody plants.
丝氨酸/精氨酸丰富（SR）蛋白是植物发育和非生物/激素相关胁迫的重要剪接因子。然而，SR 蛋白在木本植物中对这一过程的贡献的证据一直缺乏。我们使用系统发育学、基因同线性、转基因实验和 RNA-seq 分析，鉴定了 24 个基因，并探讨了它们在. 中的进化、表达和功能。这些基因被分为六个亚家族，由至少两次基因组三倍体和重复事件产生。值得注意的是，它们在根、茎和叶中组成型表达，表明它们在. 中的基本作用。此外，大多数. 基因（83%）对至少一种胁迫（冷、干旱、盐、SA、MeJA 或 ABA）有反应，特别是冷胁迫诱导了 18 个基因（75%）的表达和/或选择性剪接（AS）的显著改变。显然，. 在. 中的过表达降低了抗冻性，这可能是由于对冷耐受性至关重要的基因（如. 和.）的 AS 变化所致。此外，转基因植物在萌发阶段对盐敏感。这些表明. 可能在冷胁迫和盐胁迫下作为负调节剂发挥作用。总的来说，这项研究阐明了. 基因在木本植物中的进化、表达和 AS 以及. 在木本植物中的功能机制。
