Global Burden of Animal Diseases Programme https://animalhealthmetrics.org.
Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Neston, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2024 Mar 22;19(3):e0295388. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295388. eCollection 2024.
Equids play a crucial role in the Ethiopian economy, transporting agricultural inputs and outputs in the dominant subsistence agricultural systems and the critical link for value chains throughout the country. However, these species are often neglected in policies and interventions, which reflects the data and information gaps, particularly the contribution of working equids to Ethiopia.
To assess population dynamics, distribution, biomass, and economic value of equids in Ethiopia.
Equine population data were obtained from the Ethiopian Central Statistics Agency (CSA) annual national agriculture surveys published yearbooks from 2004 to 2020. Parameters such as the number of effective service days and daily rental value were obtained from interviews and literature to estimate the stock monetary and service value of equids. Descriptive statistics were used to assess population dynamics and the geographical distribution was mapped.
The estimated total Ethiopian equid population increased by more than doubled (by 131%) between 2004 and 2020 from 5.7 (4.9-6.6) million to 13.3 (11.6-15) million with 2.1 million horses, 10.7 million donkeys, and 380 thousand mules. Similarly, the number of households owning a working equid has increased. Equine populations are unevenly distributed across Ethiopia, although data were lacking in some districts of the country. The per human-capita equine population ranged from 0-0.52, 0-0.13, and 0-0.02 for donkeys, horses, and mules, respectively. The equid biomass was 7.4 (6.3-8.4) million Tropical livestock unit (TLU) (250 kg liveweight), 10% of total livestock biomass of the country. The stock monetary value of equids was USD 1,229 (651-1,908) million, accounting for 3.1% of total livestock monetary value and the services value of equids was USD 1,198 (825-1,516) million, which is 1.2% of Ethiopian 2021 expected GDP.
The Ethiopian equine population has grown steadily over the last two decades. Equids play a central role in transportation and subsistence agriculture in Ethiopia and contribute significantly to the national economy. This pivotal role is insufficiently recognized in national livestock investments.
马在埃塞俄比亚经济中扮演着至关重要的角色，它们在占主导地位的自给农业系统中运输农业投入品和产出品，并且是全国价值链的关键环节。然而，这些物种在政策和干预措施中往往被忽视，这反映了数据和信息的空白，尤其是工作用马对埃塞俄比亚的贡献。
评估埃塞俄比亚马属动物的种群动态、分布、生物量和经济价值。
从 2004 年至 2020 年，埃塞俄比亚中央统计局（CSA）年度国家农业调查的年刊中获取了马属动物的种群数据。通过访谈和文献资料获取了有效服务天数和日租金等参数，以估算马属动物的存栏货币价值和服务价值。使用描述性统计来评估种群动态，并绘制了地理分布图。
2004 年至 2020 年间，埃塞俄比亚马属动物的总数量增加了一倍多（增长了 131%），从 2004 年的 570 万头（490 万-660 万头）增加到 1330 万头（1160 万-1500 万头），其中包括 210 万匹马、1070 万头驴和 38 万头骡。同样，拥有工作用马的家庭数量也有所增加。马属动物的种群在埃塞俄比亚各地分布不均，尽管该国一些地区的数据仍存在空白。人均马属动物数量分别为驴 0-0.52 头、马 0-0.13 头和骡 0-0.02 头。马属动物的生物量为 740 万（630 万-840 万）个热带家畜单位（250 公斤活重），占该国牲畜总生物量的 10%。马属动物的存栏货币价值为 12.29 亿美元（6.51 亿-19.08 亿美元），占牲畜总货币价值的 3.1%，马属动物的服务价值为 11.98 亿美元（8.25 亿-15.16 亿美元），占埃塞俄比亚 2021 年预计 GDP 的 1.2%。
在过去的二十年里，埃塞俄比亚马属动物的数量稳步增长。马在埃塞俄比亚的运输和自给农业中发挥着核心作用，并对国家经济做出了重大贡献。然而，这一重要作用在国家牲畜投资中没有得到充分认识。
