Hotchkiss Brain Institute | Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education | Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy | Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2024 Jul;48(7):981-992. doi: 10.1038/s41366-024-01512-8. Epub 2024 Mar 25.
4-20% of people report using cannabis during pregnancy, thereby it is essential to assess the associated risks. There is some evidence that prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) may be associated with increased risk for developing of obesity and diabetes later in life, however this has not been well explored under controlled conditions. The aim of this study was to use a translational THC vapor model in rodents to characterize the effects of PCE on adiposity, glucose metabolism, and feeding patterns in adulthood, with focus on potential sex differences.
Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to vaporized THC (100 mg/ml) or control (polyethylene glycol vehicle) across the entire gestational period. Adult offspring from PCE (n = 24) or control (n = 24) litters were subjected to measures of adiposity, glucose metabolism and feeding behavior. Rats were then placed onto special diets (60% high-fat diet [HFD] or control 10% low fat diet [LFD]) for 4-months, then re-subjected to adiposity, glucose metabolism and feeding behavior measurements.
PCE did not influence maternal weight or food consumption but was associated with transient decreased pup weight. PCE did not initially influence bodyweight or adiposity, but PCE did significantly reduce the rate of bodyweight gain when on HFD/LFD, regardless of which diet. Further, PCE had complex effects on glucose metabolism and feeding behavior that were both sex and diet dependent. No effects of PCE were found on plasma leptin or insulin, or white adipose tissue mass.
PCE may not promote obesity development but may increase risk for diabetes and abnormal eating habits under certain biological and environmental conditions. Overall, this data enhances current understanding of the potential impacts of PCE.
4-20%的人在怀孕期间报告使用大麻，因此评估相关风险至关重要。有一些证据表明，产前大麻暴露（PCE）可能与日后肥胖和糖尿病的风险增加有关，但在受控条件下，这一点尚未得到很好的探索。本研究的目的是使用翻译 THC 蒸气模型在啮齿动物中描述 PCE 对成年后肥胖、葡萄糖代谢和进食模式的影响，重点关注潜在的性别差异。
怀孕的 Sprague Dawley 大鼠在整个妊娠期暴露于蒸气化的 THC（100mg/ml）或对照（聚乙二醇载体）中。来自 PCE（n=24）或对照（n=24）的成年后代进行了肥胖、葡萄糖代谢和进食行为的测量。然后，大鼠被置于特殊饮食（60%高脂肪饮食[HFD]或对照 10%低脂肪饮食[LFD]）中 4 个月，然后再次进行肥胖、葡萄糖代谢和进食行为的测量。
PCE 并不影响母体体重或食物消耗，但与幼仔体重短暂下降有关。PCE 最初并不影响体重或肥胖，但 PCE 确实显著降低了在 HFD/LFD 时的体重增加率，而不论饮食如何。此外，PCE 对葡萄糖代谢和进食行为有复杂的影响，这些影响受性别和饮食的影响。PCE 对血浆瘦素或胰岛素或白色脂肪组织质量没有影响。
PCE 可能不会促进肥胖的发展，但在某些生物和环境条件下可能会增加患糖尿病和异常饮食习惯的风险。总的来说，这些数据增强了对 PCE 潜在影响的理解。
