de la Osa-Subtil Iria, Astray Andrés Arias, Mateo Fernandez Pedro V, de Dios-Duarte María J
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Health, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2024 Mar 4;15:1353809. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1353809. eCollection 2024.
Men who assault their partners present deficits in the social skills necessary for adequate interpersonal interaction. Not all of them have the same difficulties, thus they do not constitute a homogeneous group. Various studies have proposed different typologies of abusers based on their sociodemographic characteristics, criminal history, intensity and extent of violent or psychopathological traits. The majority of these investigations have been conducted in community samples, prompting the question of their validity in samples of men convicted of gender violence. The aim of this study was to establish a typology of men convicted in Spain for a gender violences crimes.
A total of 365 men participated and were subdivided into three classes of abusers based on their childhood, family experiences with violence, criminal history, sexist attitudes and attitudes toward violence, intensity and type of violence, psychopathological state and attachment style.
Coinciding with the results found in other research, 30% of the participants were classified as generally violent. They engaged in severe forms of physical, psychological and sexual violence and were more likely to do so than the rest. Additionally, they are more likely to present psychopathological problems and an antisocial character. Twenty-one percent were classified as dysphoric/borderline. They are characterized by minor forms of psychological violence, borderline or depressive symptomatology and an anxious attachment style. The remaining 49% were classified as familial or normalized abusers. This group exhibits moderate attitudes toward violence and sexism, resulting in less psychological and physical aggression. They do not present psychopathological problems and are likely to present a secure attachment style.
It is argued that determining the psychological characteristics of each type of abuser would contribute to improving and adapting intervention protocols in Spain, leading to a significant improvement in the current issue of abuse.
对伴侣实施攻击的男性在进行充分人际互动所需的社交技能方面存在缺陷。并非所有这类男性都有相同的困难，因此他们并非一个同质化群体。基于施虐者的社会人口学特征、犯罪史、暴力或精神病理学特征的强度和程度，各种研究提出了不同的施虐者类型。这些调查大多是在社区样本中进行的，这引发了它们在被判有性别暴力罪的男性样本中的有效性问题。本研究的目的是建立西班牙被判性别暴力犯罪的男性的类型。
共有365名男性参与，并根据他们的童年、暴力家庭经历、犯罪史、性别歧视态度和对暴力的态度、暴力的强度和类型、精神病理状态和依恋风格分为三类施虐者。
与其他研究结果一致，30%的参与者被归类为一般暴力型。他们实施严重形式的身体、心理和性暴力，而且比其他人更有可能这样做。此外，他们更有可能出现精神病理问题和反社会性格。21%被归类为烦躁/边缘型。他们的特点是轻微形式的心理暴力、边缘或抑郁症状以及焦虑依恋风格。其余49%被归类为家庭或正常化施虐者。这一组对暴力和性别歧视表现出适度态度，导致较少的心理和身体攻击行为。他们没有精神病理问题，并且可能表现出安全依恋风格。
有人认为，确定每种类型施虐者的心理特征将有助于改进和调整西班牙的干预方案，从而显著改善当前的虐待问题。
