Hamayal Muhammad, Khurshied Saleh, Zahid Muhammad A, Khurshid Nawal, Shahid Warda, Ali Maesum, Ahmed Hammad, Nisa Mehrun
Otorhinolaryngology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, PAK.
Ophthalmology, Monash Health, Clayton, AUS.
Cureus. 2024 Feb 24;16(2):e54812. doi: 10.7759/cureus.54812. eCollection 2024 Feb.
This narrative review examines the role of vitamin D as a biomarker in ear disorders, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), otitis media, bell's palsy, Meniere's disease, and hearing loss. PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were utilized to conduct a comprehensive literature search, and findings were combined from studies from 2014 to 2024. As highlighted in this review, there is a consistent association between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk and recurrence of disease especially in BPPV and otitis media. Its importance as a prognostic biomarker is emphasized in Bell's palsy, where higher levels of deficiencies in vitamin D are associated with higher grades of severity on the House Brackmann grading system. Vitamin D deficiency can also lead to sensorineural hearing loss due to its receptors present in the inner ear or its effect on calcium metabolism. Serum levels of vitamin D have also been shown to influence treatment outcome of sensorineural hearing loss. The role of vitamin D in Meniere's disease is unclear as no cause has been identified for the increase in endolymphatic fluid. The findings of this review emphasize the importance of serum vitamin D as a biomarker in ear disorders and advocate for more studies to be conducted to assess the importance of optimal dosing of vitamin D for the progression and outcome of these diseases.
本叙述性综述探讨了维生素D作为生物标志物在耳部疾病中的作用，这些疾病包括良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）、中耳炎、贝尔麻痹、梅尼埃病和听力损失。利用PubMed、考克兰图书馆和谷歌学术进行了全面的文献检索，并汇总了2014年至2024年研究的结果。正如本综述所强调的，维生素D缺乏与疾病风险增加和复发之间存在一致的关联，尤其是在BPPV和中耳炎中。在贝尔麻痹中，维生素D缺乏水平越高与House Brackmann分级系统中更高的严重程度等级相关，这强调了其作为预后生物标志物的重要性。由于内耳中存在维生素D受体或其对钙代谢的影响，维生素D缺乏也可导致感音神经性听力损失。血清维生素D水平也已被证明会影响感音神经性听力损失的治疗结果。维生素D在梅尼埃病中的作用尚不清楚，因为内淋巴液增加的原因尚未确定。本综述的结果强调了血清维生素D作为耳部疾病生物标志物的重要性，并主张开展更多研究以评估维生素D最佳剂量对这些疾病进展和结局的重要性。
