Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya, 54100, Turkey.
Phys Eng Sci Med. 2024 Sep;47(3):851-861. doi: 10.1007/s13246-024-01409-w. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide, and detecting cancer at an early stage increases the survival rate by 97%. In this study, a novel textile-based ultrawideband (UWB) microstrip patch antenna was designed and modeled to work in the 2-11.6 GHz frequency range and a simulation was used to test its performance in early breast cancer detection. The antenna was designed with an overall size of 31*31 mm using a denim substrate and 100% metal polyamide-based fabric with copper, silver, and nickel to provide comfort for the wearer. The designed antenna was tested in four numerical breast models. The models ranged from simple tumor-free to complex models with small tumors. The size, structure, and position of the tumor were modified to test the suggested ability of the antenna to detect cancers with different shapes, sizes, and positions. The specific absorption rate (SAR), return loss (S11), and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) were calculated for each model to measure the antenna performance. The simulation results showed that SAR values were between 1.6 and 2 W/g (10 g SAR) and were within the allowed range for medical applications. Additionally, the VSWR remained in an acceptable range from 1.15 to 2. Depending on the size and location of the tumor, the antenna return losses of the four models ranged from 36 to 18.5 dB. The effect of bending was tested to determine the flexibility. The antenna proved to be highly effective and capable of detecting small tumors with diameters of up to 2 mm.
乳腺癌是全球女性死亡的第二大主要原因，早期发现癌症可将生存率提高 97%。在这项研究中，设计并模拟了一种基于新型纺织品的超宽带（UWB）微带贴片天线，以在 2-11.6GHz 的频率范围内工作，并使用仿真来测试其在早期乳腺癌检测中的性能。该天线的整体尺寸为 31*31mm，使用牛仔布基底和 100%金属聚酰胺基织物，其中包含铜、银和镍，以提供穿着者的舒适度。设计的天线在四个数值乳房模型中进行了测试。这些模型从简单的无肿瘤到具有小肿瘤的复杂模型不等。肿瘤的大小、结构和位置进行了修改，以测试天线检测不同形状、大小和位置的癌症的能力。对每个模型计算了比吸收率（SAR）、回波损耗（S11）和电压驻波比（VSWR），以衡量天线的性能。仿真结果表明，SAR 值在 1.6 到 2W/g（10g SAR）之间，处于医疗应用允许的范围内。此外，VSWR 在 1.15 到 2 之间保持在可接受的范围内。根据肿瘤的大小和位置，四个模型的天线回波损耗范围从 36 到 18.5dB。还测试了弯曲的效果，以确定其灵活性。该天线被证明是非常有效的，能够检测直径达 2mm 的小肿瘤。
