Melo Danielle Cristina Tenório Varjal de, Santos Eloína Maria de Mendonça, Xavier Morgana Nascimento, Nascimento Josimara do, Barbosa Victor Araújo, Oliveira André Luiz de Sá, Meiado Marcos Vinícius, Melo-Santos Maria Alice Varjal de, Paiva Marcelo Henrique Santos, Wallau Gabriel da Luz, Oliveira Cláudia Maria Fontes de
Department of Entomology, Fiocruz/PE, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil.
Secretraria de Saúde Municipal de Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Nucleus of Biology, Academic Center of Vitória, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2024 Feb 24;9(3):53. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed9030053.
and mosquitoes are vectors of different arboviruses that cause a large burden of disease in humans worldwide. A key step towards reducing the impact of arboviruses on humans can be achieved through integrated mosquito surveillance and control approaches. We carried out an integrated approach of mosquito surveillance and control actions to reduce populations of these insects along with a viral surveillance in a neighborhood of Recife (Northeastern Brazil) with high mosquito densities and arbovirus transmission. The actions were carried out in 40 different houses in the Nova Descoberta neighborhood. The area was divided into two groups, the control group using tools to monitor the mosquito density (1 OVT; 1 Double BR-ovt; monthly capture of alates) and the experimental group with control actions using surveillance tools in an intensified way (2 OVTs; 2 Double BR-ovts; fortnightly capture of alates; toxic baits). We evaluated the study's impact on the mosquito density via the Egg Density (ED) and Adult Density (AD) over a period of 12 cycles of 28 days each. The collected adult mosquitoes were processed via RT-qPCR for DENV, CHIKV and ZIKV and, subsequently, the Minimum Infection Rate (MIR) was calculated. After 12 cycles, we observed a 91% and 99% reduction in ED and AD in the monitored properties, as well as a 76% reduction in the AD of in the same properties. Moreover, we detected circulating arboviruses (DENV and ZIKV) in 19.52% of captured adult mosquitoes. We show that enhancing entomological surveillance tools can aid in the early detection of possible risk areas based on vector mosquito population numbers. Additionally, the detection of important arboviruses such as ZIKV and DENV raises awareness and allows for a better selection of risk areas and silent virus spread. It offers supplementary information for guiding emergency mosquito control measures in the target area. The goal is to minimize human-vector interactions and, subsequently, to lower the risk of transmitting circulating arboviruses.
蚊子是多种虫媒病毒的传播媒介，这些病毒在全球范围内给人类带来了巨大的疾病负担。通过综合的蚊子监测和控制方法，可以实现减轻虫媒病毒对人类影响的关键一步。我们在巴西东北部累西腓一个蚊子密度高且存在虫媒病毒传播的社区，开展了蚊子监测和控制行动的综合方法，以减少这些昆虫的数量，并同时进行病毒监测。行动在新发现社区的40所不同房屋中进行。该区域分为两组，对照组使用工具监测蚊子密度（1个OVT；1个双BR-ovt；每月捕获有翅成虫），实验组则以强化方式使用监测工具并采取控制行动（2个OVT；2个双BR-ovt；每两周捕获有翅成虫；毒饵）。我们通过每个28天的12个周期，根据卵密度（ED）和成虫密度（AD）评估了该研究对蚊子密度的影响。收集的成年蚊子通过RT-qPCR检测登革病毒（DENV）、基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）和寨卡病毒（ZIKV），随后计算最低感染率（MIR）。12个周期后，我们观察到监测房屋中的ED和AD分别降低了91%和99%，同一房屋中的AD也降低了76%。此外，我们在19.52%的捕获成年蚊子中检测到了正在传播的虫媒病毒（DENV和ZIKV）。我们表明，加强昆虫学监测工具有助于根据媒介蚊子数量早期发现可能的风险区域。此外，检测到寨卡病毒和登革病毒等重要虫媒病毒提高了人们的认识，并有助于更好地选择风险区域和发现病毒的无声传播。它为指导目标区域的紧急蚊子控制措施提供了补充信息。目标是尽量减少人与媒介的相互作用，进而降低传播正在传播的虫媒病毒的风险。
