Gioran Anna, Paikopoulos Yiorgos, Panagiotidou Eleni, Rizou Aikaterini E I, Nasi Georgia I, Dimaki Virginia D, Vraila Konstantina D, Bezantakou Dimitra S, Spatharas Panagiotis M, Papandreou Nikos C, Magafa Vassiliki, Lamari Fotini N, Iconomidou Vassiliki A, Chondrogianni Niki
Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece.
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larissa, Greece.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Feb 21;13(3):261. doi: 10.3390/antiox13030261.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Given the link between oxidative stress and AD, many studies focus on the identification of natural antioxidants against AD. Although their antioxidant capacity is important, increasing data suggest that additional activities are related to their beneficial effects, including properties against amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation. spp. (mountain tea) extracts possess not only antioxidant activity but also other bioactivities that confer neuroprotection. Although various spp. extracts have been extensively studied, there are scarce data on subsp. (SCP) phytochemical composition and neuroprotective potential, while nothing is known of the responsible compounds. Given that SCP is a weaker antioxidant compared to other spp., here, we investigated its potential beneficial properties against Aβ aggregation. We characterized different SCP extracts and revealed their anti-aggregation activity by taking advantage of established AD models. Importantly, we identified two pure compounds, namely, sideridiol and verbascoside, being responsible for the beneficial effects. Furthermore, we have revealed a potential anti-Aβ aggregation mechanism for sideridiol. Our results support the use of mountain tea in the elderly against dementia and demonstrate the activity of sideridiol against Aβ aggregation that could be exploited for drug development.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的痴呆形式。鉴于氧化应激与AD之间的联系，许多研究集中于寻找对抗AD的天然抗氧化剂。尽管它们的抗氧化能力很重要，但越来越多的数据表明，其他活性与其有益作用相关，包括对抗淀粉样β蛋白（Aβ）聚集的特性。 spp.（山茶）提取物不仅具有抗氧化活性，还具有其他赋予神经保护作用的生物活性。尽管对各种 spp.提取物进行了广泛研究，但关于 subsp. （SCP）的植物化学成分和神经保护潜力的数据却很少，而且对其起作用的化合物一无所知。鉴于与其他 spp.相比，SCP是一种较弱的抗氧化剂，在此，我们研究了其对抗Aβ聚集的潜在有益特性。我们对不同的SCP提取物进行了表征，并利用已建立的AD模型揭示了它们的抗聚集活性。重要的是，我们鉴定出两种纯化合物，即铁二醇和毛蕊花糖苷，它们是产生有益作用的原因。此外，我们揭示了铁二醇潜在的抗Aβ聚集机制。我们的结果支持老年人使用山茶来对抗痴呆，并证明了铁二醇对抗Aβ聚集的活性，这可用于药物开发。
