Centre for Pomology and Vegetable Crops, Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food, 21210 Solin, Croatia.
Department of Pomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 9;25(6):3170. doi: 10.3390/ijms25063170.
Olive growing in Croatia has a long tradition and is of great economic and social impact. The present study includes a set of 108 tree samples (88 samples corresponding to 60 presumed cultivars and 20 trees of unnamed ones) collected from 27 groves in the entire olive growing area, and is the most comprehensive survey to be conducted in Croatia. The genetic diversity, relationships, and structures of olive plants were studied using eight microsatellite loci. All loci were polymorphic and revealed a total of 90 alleles. A total of 74 different genotypes were detected that were subjected to further diversity and genetic relationship studies. The Fitch-Margoliash tree and Bayesian analysis of population structure revealed a complex relationship between the identified olive genotypes, which were clustered into three gene pools, indicating different origins of Croatian olive germplasms. Excluding the redundant germplasms, 44 different genotypes among the sampled trees of well-known cultivars and 16 new local germplasms were identified. In addition, we provide the etymology of 46 vernacular names, which confirms that the vast majority of traditional Croatian cultivars have common and widespread names. The results presented herein underline the importance of safeguarding local cultivars and conducting continuous surveys.
在克罗地亚，橄榄种植拥有悠久的传统，并且具有巨大的经济和社会影响力。本研究共采集了 108 棵橄榄树样本（88 个样本对应 60 个假定的品种和 20 棵未命名的树），来自整个橄榄种植区的 27 个果园，这是克罗地亚进行的最全面的调查。利用 8 个微卫星位点研究了橄榄植物的遗传多样性、关系和结构。所有的位点都是多态性的，共揭示了 90 个等位基因。共检测到 74 种不同的基因型，进一步对其进行了多样性和遗传关系研究。Fitch-Margoliash 树和群体结构的贝叶斯分析显示，鉴定出的橄榄基因型之间存在复杂的关系，这些基因型聚类为三个基因库，表明克罗地亚橄榄种质资源具有不同的起源。排除冗余的种质资源后，在采样的知名品种中发现了 44 种不同的基因型和 16 种新的本地种质资源。此外，我们还提供了 46 个俗名的词源，这证实了绝大多数传统的克罗地亚品种都有共同和广泛的名称。本研究结果强调了保护本地品种和进行持续调查的重要性。
