Research Unit of Food, Nutrition, and Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, University of Nouakchott, Nouakchott, Mauritania.
Marine Ecology, Environment Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, University of Nouakchott, Nouakchott, Mauritania.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Mar 28;24(1):916. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18211-8.
The intake of nutrient-rich foods from diverse diets ensures adequate nutrition for women. This study aims to determine dietary diversity among women of reproductive age (WRA) using the MDD-W indicator and how it relates to their socio-economic characteristics in the city of Nouakchott, Mauritania.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 women of reproductive age, aged 15-49 years. Food consumption data were obtained through unquantified 24 h recall which is designed to identify all foods consumed by the women during this period. We computed MDD-W as the consumption of at least five out of ten predefined food groups according to the guideline of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. In order to determine which factors had a statistically significant influence on dietary diversity among women, we used a value of P < 0.05.
The mean of dietary diversity was 5.48 and 71.7% of WRA had an acceptable minimum dietary diversity. During the study period, 96.25% and 80% of women consumed vitamin A and iron-rich foods respectively. The consumption rate of starchy foods, vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables, meat, fish and chicken, milk and dairy products, dark green leafy vegetables and finally other vegetables was higher; 99.6%, 75.3%, 80%, 62.5%, 60.4% and 83.3% respectively. On the other hand, the consumption of legumes, eggs and other fruits was low; at 21.7%, 14.2% and 13.8% respectively.
The study showed that more than half of the studied population had an acceptable minimum dietary diversity. The diet was mainly based on the consumption of starchy foods, meat and other vegetables than those rich in vitamin A.
从多样化的饮食中摄入营养丰富的食物可以确保妇女获得充足的营养。本研究旨在使用 MDD-W 指标来确定毛里塔尼亚努瓦克肖特市育龄妇女（WRA）的饮食多样性，并探讨其与社会经济特征的关系。
采用基于社区的横断面研究，对 240 名 15-49 岁的育龄妇女进行研究。通过非量化的 24 小时回顾性调查获得食物消费数据，旨在确定妇女在这段时间内所消耗的所有食物。我们根据联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）的指南，将至少摄入十种规定食物组中的五种食物的情况定义为 MDD-W。为了确定哪些因素对妇女的饮食多样性有统计学意义上的影响，我们使用了 P 值<0.05。
饮食多样性的平均值为 5.48，71.7%的 WRA 具有可接受的最低饮食多样性。在研究期间，96.25%和 80%的妇女分别摄入了富含维生素 A 和铁的食物。淀粉类食物、富含维生素 A 的水果和蔬菜、肉类、鱼类和鸡肉、牛奶和奶制品、深绿色叶菜以及其他蔬菜的食用率较高，分别为 99.6%、75.3%、80%、62.5%、60.4%和 83.3%。另一方面，豆类、蛋类和其他水果的食用率较低，分别为 21.7%、14.2%和 13.8%。
本研究表明，超过一半的研究人群具有可接受的最低饮食多样性。饮食主要以摄入淀粉类食物、肉类和其他蔬菜为主，而不是富含维生素 A 的食物。
