一项随机对照试验的研究方案：日常认知训练计划对无认知障碍的老年人认知功能、情绪状态、虚弱和功能的影响。

Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial: Effect of an everyday cognition training program on cognitive function, emotional state, frailty and functioning in older adults without cognitive impairment.

机构信息

Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.

Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2024 Mar 29;19(3):e0300898. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300898. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0300898

PMID:38551981

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10980185/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Ageing entails changes in complex cognitive functions that lead to a decrease in autonomy and quality of life. Everyday cognition is the ability to solve cognitively complex problems in the everyday world, enabling instrumental activities of life. Benefits have been found in studies using everyday cognition-based assessment and intervention, as the results predict improvements in everyday performance, not just in specific cognitive functions. A study protocol is presented based on assessment and training in everyday cognition versus traditional cognitive stimulation for the improvement of functionality, emotional state, frailty and cognitive function.

METHODS

A parallel randomised controlled clinical trial with two arms will be conducted. It will be carried out by the University of Salamanca (Spain) in eleven centres and associations for the elderly of the City Council of Salamanca. People aged 60 years or older without cognitive impairment will be recruited. Participants will be randomly distributed into two groups: the experimental group will undergo a training programme in everyday cognition and the control group a programme of traditional cognitive stimulation, completing 25 sessions over 7 months. All participants will be assessed at the beginning and at the end of the intervention, where socio-demographic data and the following scales will be collected: The Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), Questionnaire ARMS-e, Everyday Cognition Test (PECC), Scale Yesavage, Test Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), The Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Fragility Index and Lawton y Brody Scale.

DISCUSSION

The present study aims to improve conventional clinical practice on cognitive function training by proposing a specific assessment and intervention of everyday cognition based on the importance of actual cognitive functioning during the resolution of complex tasks of daily life, giving priority to the improvement of autonomy.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrials.gov; ID: NCT05688163. Registered on: January 18, 2023.

摘要

背景

衰老伴随着复杂认知功能的变化，导致自主性和生活质量下降。日常认知是在日常生活中解决认知复杂问题的能力，使生活活动工具化。使用基于日常认知的评估和干预的研究已经发现了益处，因为结果预测了日常表现的改善，而不仅仅是特定认知功能的改善。本研究提出了一种方案，即基于日常认知的评估和训练与传统认知刺激相比，可改善功能、情绪状态、脆弱性和认知功能。

方法

这是一项平行随机对照临床试验，有两个组别。由西班牙萨拉曼卡大学和萨拉曼卡市议会的老年协会 11 个中心共同开展。研究对象为年龄在 60 岁及以上且无认知障碍的人群。参与者将随机分配到两个组中：实验组将接受日常认知训练计划，对照组则接受传统认知刺激计划，在 7 个月内完成 25 次课程。所有参与者将在干预开始和结束时进行评估，收集以下数据：医疗结果研究（MOS）问卷、ARMS-e 问卷、日常认知测试（PECC）、Yesavage 量表、蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）、功能独立性量表（FIM）、脆弱性指数和 Lawton y Brody 量表。