Environmental Health Science and Technology Department, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Apr 2;24(1):367. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09266-4.
Street foods are any foods or drinks prepared or sold by street vendors in an open space. The purpose of this study was to determine the Bacteriological safety and antibiotic resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae isolated from street foods.
A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was used from December 2022 to February 2023 on street foods of Addis Ababa, Hawassa, Dire Dawa, and Jimma towns of Ethiopia. 525 street foods and 175 water samples were taken from 175 street food vending stalls. Proportional allocation to the total town population and stratified sampling techniques were used to select vending stalls. Samples were analyzed for the presence of bacteria following the standard microbiological methods used for the isolation, enumeration, and identification of bacteria. Pour plate technique was used to transfer the suspension to MacConkey agar, Mannitol Salt Agar, and Salmonella Shigella Agar. The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. SPSS software was used to analyze the data.
Out of 525 food samples, 279 (53%) were contaminated by bacteria. From 175 water samples, 95 (54.3%) were contaminated with Escherichia coli. From both samples in total, eleven bacterial species were isolated. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated species. Shigella, Klebsiella, and Salmonella group A have statistically significant with the type of food. Erythromycin (54%), Streptomycin (17%), and Amoxicillin (14%) were the most resistant antibiotics. Least resistance was observed to Ciprofloxacin (5%).
Street foods of the selected towns were highly contaminated with various antibiotic-resistant organisms. Hence, the relevant authorities ought to ensure the proper handling of street food by enforcing safety measures. Additionally, they should initiate a widespread awareness campaign promoting the prudent use of antibiotics among both street food vendors and the broader population.
街头食品是指在露天场所由街头小贩准备或出售的任何食品或饮料。本研究的目的是确定从埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴、霍拉莎、德雷达瓦和吉马镇的街头食品中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌和肠杆菌科的细菌学安全性和抗生素耐药模式。
这是一项 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 2 月在埃塞俄比亚的上述四个城镇进行的基于实验室的横断面研究。从 175 个街头食品销售摊位采集了 525 份街头食品和 175 份水样。采用比例分配法和分层抽样技术选择摊位。按照用于细菌分离、计数和鉴定的标准微生物方法分析样品中细菌的存在情况。采用倾印平板技术将悬浮液转移到麦康凯琼脂、甘露醇盐琼脂和沙门氏菌志贺氏菌琼脂上。采用 Kirby-Bauer 圆盘扩散法进行抗生素药敏试验。使用 SPSS 软件分析数据。
在 525 份食品样本中，有 279 份（53%）受到细菌污染。在 175 份水样中，有 95 份（54.3%）受到大肠杆菌污染。在这两个样本中，共分离出 11 种细菌。金黄色葡萄球菌是最常分离到的细菌。志贺氏菌、克雷伯氏菌和 A 组沙门氏菌与食品类型有统计学显著关系。红霉素（54%）、链霉素（17%）和阿莫西林（14%）是最耐药的抗生素。对环丙沙星（5%）的耐药性最低。
所选城镇的街头食品受到各种抗生素耐药生物的高度污染。因此，有关当局应通过执行安全措施来确保街头食品的妥善处理。此外，他们应该发起一场广泛的宣传运动，在街头食品摊贩和更广泛的人群中倡导谨慎使用抗生素。
