Ding Feifei, Zhou Nannan, Luo Yuan, Wang Tong, Li Weijie, Qiao Fang, Du Zhenyu, Zhang Meiling
Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2024 Apr 7;15(1):54. doi: 10.1186/s40104-024-01011-w.
Intestinal barrier is a dynamic interface between the body and the ingested food components, however, dietary components or xenobiotics could compromise intestinal integrity, causing health risks to the host. Gossypol, a toxic component in cottonseed meal (CSM), caused intestinal injury in fish or other monogastric animals. It has been demonstrated that probiotics administration benefits the intestinal barrier integrity, but the efficacy of probiotics in maintaining intestinal health when the host is exposed to gossypol remains unclear. Here, a strain (YC) affiliated to Pediococcus pentosaceus was isolated from the gut of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its potential to repair gossypol-induced intestinal damage was evaluated.
A total of 270 Nile tilapia (2.20 ± 0.02 g) were allotted in 3 groups with 3 tanks each and fed with 3 diets including CON (control diet), GOS (control diet containing 300 mg/kg gossypol) and GP (control diet containing 300 mg/kg gossypol and 10 colony-forming unit (CFU)/g P. pentosaceus YC), respectively. After 10 weeks, addition of P. pentosaceus YC restored growth retardation and intestinal injury induced by gossypol in Nile tilapia. Transcriptome analysis and siRNA interference experiments demonstrated that NOD-like receptors (NLR) family caspase recruitment domain (CARD) domain containing 3 (Nlrc3) inhibition might promote intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation, as well as maintaining gut barrier integrity. 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed that addition of P. pentosaceus YC altered the composition of gut microbiota and increased the content of propionate in fish gut. In vitro studies on propionate's function demonstrated that it suppressed nlrc3 expression and promoted wound healing in Caco-2 cell model.
The present study reveals that P. pentosaceus YC has the capacity to ameliorate intestinal barrier injury by modulating gut microbiota composition and elevating propionate level. This finding offers a promising strategy for the feed industry to incorporate cottonseed meal into fish feed formulations.
肠道屏障是机体与摄入的食物成分之间的动态界面，然而，饮食成分或外源化合物可能会损害肠道完整性，给宿主带来健康风险。棉酚是棉籽粕（CSM）中的一种有毒成分，会对鱼类或其他单胃动物造成肠道损伤。已证明施用益生菌有利于肠道屏障完整性，但当宿主暴露于棉酚时，益生菌在维持肠道健康方面的功效仍不清楚。在此，从尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）肠道中分离出一株隶属于戊糖片球菌的菌株（YC），并评估了其修复棉酚诱导的肠道损伤的潜力。
将总共270尾尼罗罗非鱼（2.20±0.02 g）分为3组，每组3个水族箱，分别投喂3种饲料，包括CON（对照饲料）、GOS（含300 mg/kg棉酚的对照饲料）和GP（含300 mg/kg棉酚和10个菌落形成单位（CFU）/g戊糖片球菌YC的对照饲料）。10周后，添加戊糖片球菌YC恢复了棉酚诱导的尼罗罗非鱼生长迟缓及肠道损伤。转录组分析和小干扰RNA（siRNA）干扰实验表明，抑制含核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体（NLR）家族胱天蛋白酶募集结构域（CARD）结构域的3（Nlrc3）可能促进肠道干细胞（ISC）增殖，并维持肠道屏障完整性。16S核糖体RNA（rRNA）测序和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析表明，添加戊糖片球菌YC改变肠道微生物群组成，并增加了鱼肠道中丙酸含量。丙酸功能的体外研究表明，它在Caco-2细胞模型中抑制nlrc3表达并促进伤口愈合。
本研究表明，戊糖片球菌YC有能力通过调节肠道微生物群组成和提高丙酸水平来改善肠道屏障损伤。这一发现为饲料行业将棉籽粕纳入鱼饲料配方提供了一个有前景的策略。
