Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Cell Rep. 2024 Apr 23;43(4):114087. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114087. Epub 2024 Apr 6.
Microbial invasions underlie host-microbe interactions resulting in pathogenesis and probiotic colonization. In this study, we explore the effects of the microbiome on microbial invasion in Drosophila melanogaster. We demonstrate that gut microbes Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Acetobacter tropicalis improve survival and lead to a reduction in microbial burden during infection. Using a microbial interaction assay, we report that L. plantarum inhibits the growth of invasive bacteria, while A. tropicalis reduces this inhibition. We further show that inhibition by L. plantarum is linked to its ability to acidify its environment via lactic acid production by lactate dehydrogenase, while A. tropicalis diminishes the inhibition by quenching acids. We propose that acid from the microbiome is a gatekeeper to microbial invasions, as only microbes capable of tolerating acidic environments can colonize the host. The methods and findings described herein will add to the growing breadth of tools to study microbe-microbe interactions in broad contexts.
微生物入侵是宿主-微生物相互作用的基础，导致发病机制和益生菌定植。在这项研究中，我们探讨了微生物组对黑腹果蝇微生物入侵的影响。我们证明肠道微生物植物乳杆菌和热带醋酸菌提高了存活率，并在感染过程中减少了微生物负担。通过微生物相互作用测定，我们报告说植物乳杆菌抑制了侵袭性细菌的生长，而热带醋酸菌则减少了这种抑制作用。我们进一步表明，植物乳杆菌的抑制作用与其通过乳酸脱氢酶产生乳酸来酸化环境的能力有关，而热带醋酸菌则通过淬灭酸来减弱抑制作用。我们提出，微生物组中的酸是微生物入侵的守门员，因为只有能够耐受酸性环境的微生物才能定植宿主。本文描述的方法和发现将为在广泛背景下研究微生物-微生物相互作用的不断增长的工具增添内容。
