Shatkin Gavin, Mishra Vivek, Khristine Alvarez Maria
Northeastern University, USA.
University College London, UK.
Urban Stud. 2023 Jul;60(9):1771-1791. doi: 10.1177/00420980221141181. Epub 2023 Jan 11.
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted a major contradiction in contemporary urban planning. This is the relationship between the entrepreneurial modes of urban politics that shape contemporary planning practice and the interrelated dynamics of economic precarity and informalisation of low-income communities that exacerbate contagion, and therefore enable pandemic spread. Through a review of literature on the urban dimensions of COVID-19, and on the historical relationship between pandemics and urban planning, we develop a framework for analysing the debates that are emerging around planning approaches to addressing contemporary pandemic risk in low-income, informalised communities. We argue that post-pandemic debates about urban planning responses are likely to take shape around three discourses that have framed approaches to addressing informalised communities under entrepreneurial urbanism - a revanchist approach based on territorial stigmatisation of spaces of the poor, an incrementalist approach premised on addressing the most immediate drivers of contagion, and a reformist approach that seeks to address the structural conditions that have produced economic precarity and shelter informality. We further argue that any effort to assess the political outfall of the COVID-19 pandemic in a given context needs to take an inter-scalar approach, analysing how debates over informality take shape at the urban and national scales.
新冠疫情凸显了当代城市规划中的一个主要矛盾。这就是塑造当代规划实践的城市政治创业模式与低收入社区经济不稳定和非正规化的相互关联动态之间的关系,这种动态加剧了传染病传播,从而导致疫情蔓延。通过回顾关于新冠疫情城市层面以及疫情与城市规划历史关系的文献,我们构建了一个框架,用于分析围绕应对低收入、非正规化社区当代疫情风险的规划方法所产生的争论。我们认为,疫情后关于城市规划应对措施的争论可能围绕三种话语展开,这三种话语构成了在创业型城市主义背景下应对非正规化社区的方法——一种基于对贫困空间进行地域污名化的报复主义方法,一种以解决最直接的传染驱动因素为前提的渐进主义方法,以及一种旨在解决产生经济不稳定和住房非正规性的结构条件的改良主义方法。我们进一步认为,在特定背景下评估新冠疫情政治后果的任何努力都需要采用跨尺度方法,分析关于非正规性的争论在城市和国家层面是如何形成的。