Tsang Hin-Fung, Cheung Yui-Shing, Yu Chi-Shing Allen, Chan Chung-Sum Sammy, Wong Chi-Bun Thomas, Yim Kay-Yuen Aldrin, Pei Xiaomeng, Wong Sze-Chuen Cesar
Department of Clinical Laboratory and Pathology, Hong Kong Adventist Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Mar 25;14(7):686. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14070686.
Menstrual blood (MB) is a convenient specimen type that can be self-collected easily and non-invasively by women. This study assessed the potential application of MB as a diagnostic specimen to detect genital tract infections (GTIs) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in women.
Genomic DNA was extracted from MB samples. Pacific Bioscience (Pacbio) 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) high-fidelity (HiFi) long-read sequencing and HPV PCR were performed.
MB samples were collected from women with a pathological diagnosis of CIN1, CIN2, CIN3 or HPV infection. The sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of high-risk HPV detection using MB were found to be 66.7%. A shift in vaginal flora and a significant depletion in spp. in the vaginal microbiota communities were observed in the MB samples using 16S rDNA sequencing.
In this study, we demonstrated that MB is a proper diagnostic specimen of consideration for non-invasive detection of HPV DNA and genotyping using PCR and the diagnosis of GTIs using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). MB testing is suitable for all women who menstruate and this study has opened up the possibility of the use of MB as a diagnostic specimen to maintain women's health.
月经血（MB）是一种方便的标本类型，女性可以轻松且无创地自行采集。本研究评估了MB作为诊断标本在检测女性生殖道感染（GTIs）和人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染方面的潜在应用。
从MB样本中提取基因组DNA。进行了太平洋生物科学公司（Pacbio）的16S核糖体DNA（rDNA）高保真（HiFi）长读长测序和HPV聚合酶链反应（PCR）。
从病理诊断为CIN1、CIN2、CIN3或HPV感染的女性中采集MB样本。发现使用MB检测高危HPV的敏感性和阳性预测值（PPV）为66.7%。使用16S rDNA测序在MB样本中观察到阴道菌群的变化以及阴道微生物群落中某菌属的显著减少。
在本研究中，我们证明MB是一种合适的诊断标本，可用于通过PCR进行HPV DNA的无创检测和基因分型，以及使用宏基因组下一代测序（mNGS）诊断GTIs。MB检测适用于所有有月经的女性，并且本研究开启了将MB用作诊断标本以维护女性健康的可能性。
