Department of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2024 Apr 19;87(4):e2021. doi: 10.5935/0004-2749.2021-0382. eCollection 2024.
Visual impairment and blindness caused by cataracts are major public health problems. Several factors are associated with an increased risk of age-related cataracts, such as age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and ultraviolet radiation. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between body mass index and age-related cataracts.
Studies on weight and age-related cataracts published from January 2011 to July 2020 were reviewed by searching PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science databases. The random-effects and fixed-effects models were used for the meta-analysis, and the results were reported as odd ratios.
A total of nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. No correlation was found between underweight and nuclear cataracts (OR=1.31, 95% CI [-0.50 to 3.12], p=0.156). The results of the random-effects model showed that overweight was significantly associated with age-related cataracts and reduced the risk of age-related cataracts (OR=0.91, 95% CI [0.80-1.02], p<0.0001; I2=62.3%, p<0.0001). Significant correlations were found between overweight and cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataracts (OR=0.95, 95% CI [0.66-1.24], p<0.0001; OR=0.92, 95% CI (0.76-1.08), p<0.0001; OR=0.87, 95% CI [0.38-1.02], p<0.0001). Significant correlations were found between obesity and cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataracts (OR=1.00, 95% CI [0.82-1.17], p<0.0001; OR=1.07, 95% CI [0.92-1.22], p<0.0001; OR=1.14, 95% CI [0.91-1.37], p<0.0001).
This finding suggested a significant correlation between body mass index and age-related cataracts, with overweight and obesity reducing or increasing the risk of age-related cataracts, respectively.
白内障导致的视力障碍和失明是主要的公共卫生问题。一些因素与年龄相关性白内障的风险增加有关，如年龄、吸烟、饮酒和紫外线辐射。本荟萃分析旨在评估体重指数与年龄相关性白内障之间的关系。
通过检索 PubMed、Medline 和 Web of Science 数据库，对 2011 年 1 月至 2020 年 7 月发表的有关体重与年龄相关性白内障的研究进行了回顾。采用随机效应模型和固定效应模型进行荟萃分析，结果以比值比表示。
共有 9 项研究纳入荟萃分析。体重过轻与核性白内障无相关性（OR=1.31，95%CI[-0.50 至 3.12]，p=0.156）。随机效应模型的结果表明，超重与年龄相关性白内障显著相关，降低了年龄相关性白内障的风险（OR=0.91，95%CI[0.80-1.02]，p<0.0001；I2=62.3%，p<0.0001）。超重与皮质性、核性和后囊下白内障显著相关（OR=0.95，95%CI[0.66-1.24]，p<0.0001；OR=0.92，95%CI[0.76-1.08]，p<0.0001；OR=0.87，95%CI[0.38-1.02]，p<0.0001）。肥胖与皮质性、核性和后囊下白内障显著相关（OR=1.00，95%CI[0.82-1.17]，p<0.0001；OR=1.07，95%CI[0.92-1.22]，p<0.0001；OR=1.14，95%CI[0.91-1.37]，p<0.0001）。
本研究结果表明，体重指数与年龄相关性白内障之间存在显著相关性，超重和肥胖分别降低或增加了年龄相关性白内障的风险。
