Goodwyn Erik
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Apr 12;14(4):319. doi: 10.3390/bs14040319.
Spontaneous, unwilled subjective imagery and symbols (including dreams) often emerge in psychotherapy that can appear baffling and confound interpretation. Early psychoanalytic theories seemed to diverge as often as they agreed on the meaning of such content. Nevertheless, after reviewing key findings in the empirical science of spontaneous thought as well as insights gleaned from neuroscience and especially embodied cognition, it is now possible to construct a more coherent theory of interpretation that is clinically useful. Given that thought is so thoroughly embodied, it is possible to demonstrate that universalities in human physiology yield universalities in thought. Such universalities can then be demonstrated to form a kind of biologically directed universal "code" for understanding spontaneous symbolic expressions that emerge in psychotherapy. An example is given that illustrates how this can be applied to clinical encounters.
自发的、非自主的主观意象和符号（包括梦境）常常在心理治疗中出现，这可能令人困惑且难以解释。早期精神分析理论在这类内容的意义上似乎分歧与共识一样多。然而，在回顾了自发思维实证科学的关键发现以及从神经科学尤其是具身认知中获得的见解之后，现在有可能构建一个在临床上有用的、更连贯的解释理论。鉴于思维是如此彻底地具身化，可以证明人类生理学的普遍性会产生思维的普遍性。然后可以证明，这些普遍性构成了一种生物学导向的通用“代码”，用于理解心理治疗中出现的自发象征表达。文中给出了一个例子来说明这如何应用于临床诊疗。
