Cesari Valentina, D'Aversa Sveva, Piarulli Andrea, Melfi Franca, Gemignani Angelo, Menicucci Danilo
Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Clinical Psychology Branch, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Brain Sci. 2024 Mar 31;14(4):350. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14040350.
Agency is central to remote actions, and it may enhance skills learning due to a partial overlap between brain structures and networks, the promotion of confidence towards a telemanipulator, and the feeling of congruence of the motor choice to the motor plan. We systematically reviewed studies aiming to verify the role of agency in improving learning. Fifteen studies were selected from MEDLINE and Scopus. When a mismatch is introduced between observed and performed actions, the decrease in agency and learning is proportional to the intensity of the mismatch, which is due to greater interference with the motor programming. Thanks to multisensory integration, agency and learning benefit both from sensory and performance feedback and from the timing of feedback based on control at the goal level or the perceptual-motor level. This work constitutes a bedrock for professional teleoperation settings (e.g., robotic surgery), with particular reference to the role of agency in performing complex tasks with remote control.
能动性是远程操作的核心，由于大脑结构和网络之间存在部分重叠、对远程操作器的信心增强以及运动选择与运动计划的一致性感觉，它可能会促进技能学习。我们系统地回顾了旨在验证能动性在改善学习方面作用的研究。从MEDLINE和Scopus数据库中筛选出了15项研究。当观察到的动作与执行的动作之间出现不匹配时，能动性和学习的下降与不匹配的强度成正比，这是由于对运动编程的干扰更大。得益于多感官整合，能动性和学习既受益于感官和性能反馈，也受益于基于目标水平或感知-运动水平控制的反馈时机。这项工作为专业远程操作环境（如机器人手术）奠定了基础，尤其涉及能动性在远程控制执行复杂任务中的作用。
