Tenea Gabriela N, Reyes Pamela, Molina Diana
Biofood and Nutraceutics Research and Development Group, Faculty of Engineering in Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, 100150 Ibarra, Ecuador.
Foods. 2024 Apr 12;13(8):1175. doi: 10.3390/foods13081175.
An amplicon metagenomic approach based on the ITS2 region of fungal rDNA was used to investigate the diversity of fungi associated with mature strawberries collected from a volcanic orchard and open-air market stands. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, no statistically significant differences were observed in both non-phylogenetic and phylogenetic alpha diversity indices. According to beta diversity analyses, significant differences in fungal communities were found between groups (orchard vs. market). Taxonomic assignment of amplicon sequence variables (ASVs) revealed 7 phyla and 31 classes. The prevalent fungal phyla were (29.59-84.58%), (15.33-70.40%), and Fungi-phy-Insertae-sedis (0.45-2.89%). The most predominant classes among the groups were in the market group, and and in the orchard group. Based on the analysis of microbiome composition (ANCOM), we found that the most differentially fungal genera were , , and Endophytic yeasts were prevalent in both groups, while was detected in fruits originating only from the market. In addition, (relative abundance varying from 1.7% to 21.18%) and (relative abundance varying from 1.58% to 16.55%) were detected in all samples regardless of origin, while was detected in samples from the market only, their relative abundance varying with the sample (from 0.80% to 19.23%). Their role in fruit quality and safety has not been yet documented. Moreover, several clinically related yeasts, such as and , were detected in samples only from the market. Understanding the variety and makeup of the mycobiome in ripe fruits during the transition from the orchard to the market is crucial for fruit safety after harvest.
采用基于真菌核糖体DNA内转录间隔区2（ITS2）区域的扩增子宏基因组学方法，研究了从火山果园和露天市场摊位采集的成熟草莓相关真菌的多样性。基于Kruskal-Wallis检验，在非系统发育和系统发育α多样性指数中均未观察到统计学上的显著差异。根据β多样性分析，发现不同组（果园组与市场组）之间的真菌群落存在显著差异。扩增子序列变异（ASV）的分类学归属显示有7个门和31个纲。主要的真菌门为（29.59 - 84.58%）、（15.33 - 70.40%）和真菌插入亚门（0.45 - 2.89%）。各组中最主要的纲在市场组为，在果园组为和。基于微生物群落组成分析（ANCOM），我们发现差异最大的真菌属为、和。内生酵母在两组中均普遍存在，而仅在来自市场的果实中检测到。此外，无论来源如何，在所有样品中均检测到（相对丰度从1.7%到21.18%不等）和（相对丰度从1.58%到16.55%不等），而仅在来自市场的样品中检测到，其相对丰度因样品而异（从0.80%到19.23%）。它们在果实品质和安全方面的作用尚未见报道。此外，仅在来自市场的样品中检测到几种与临床相关的酵母，如和。了解成熟果实从果园到市场过渡期间真菌群落的种类和组成对于收获后果实的安全至关重要。
