Aldana-Salazar Fernando, Rangel Nelson, Rodríguez María José, Baracaldo César, Martínez-Agüero María, Rondón-Lagos Milena
School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia.
Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Apr 10;25(8):4167. doi: 10.3390/ijms25084167.
In the department of Boyacá, Colombia, agriculture stands as one of the primary economic activities. However, the escalating utilization of pesticides within this sector has sparked concern regarding its potential correlation with elevated risks of genotoxicity, chromosomal alterations, and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, pesticides have been associated with a broad spectrum of genetic polymorphisms that impact pivotal genes involved in pesticide metabolism and DNA repair, among other processes. Nonetheless, our understanding of the genotoxic effects of pesticides on the chromosomes (as biomarkers of effect) in exposed farmers and the impact of genetic polymorphisms (as susceptibility biomarkers) on the increased risk of chromosomal damage is still limited. The aim of our study was to evaluate chromosomal alterations, chromosomal instability, and clonal heterogeneity, as well as the presence of polymorphic variants in the and genes, in peripheral blood samples of farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides in Aquitania, Colombia, and in an unexposed control group. Our results showed statistically significant differences in the frequency of numerical chromosomal alterations, chromosomal instability, and clonal heterogeneity levels between the exposed and unexposed groups. In addition, we also found a higher frequency of chromosomal instability and clonal heterogeneity in exposed individuals carrying the heterozygous AG and (exon 10) GA genotypes. The evaluation of chromosomal alterations and chromosomal instability resulting from pesticide exposure, combined with the identification of polymorphic variants in the and genes, and further research involving a larger group of individuals exposed to pesticides could enable the identification of effect and susceptibility biomarkers. Such markers could prove valuable for monitoring individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides.
在哥伦比亚的博亚卡省，农业是主要经济活动之一。然而，该部门农药使用量的不断增加引发了人们对其与遗传毒性、染色体改变和致癌风险升高之间潜在关联的担忧。此外，农药与广泛的基因多态性有关，这些多态性会影响参与农药代谢和DNA修复等过程的关键基因。尽管如此，我们对农药对接触农药的农民染色体（作为效应生物标志物）的遗传毒性影响以及基因多态性（作为易感性生物标志物）对染色体损伤风险增加的影响的了解仍然有限。我们研究的目的是评估哥伦比亚阿基塔尼亚职业接触农药的农民以及未接触农药的对照组外周血样本中的染色体改变、染色体不稳定性和克隆异质性，以及 和 基因中多态性变体的存在情况。我们的结果显示，接触组和未接触组在染色体数目改变频率、染色体不稳定性和克隆异质性水平上存在统计学上的显著差异。此外，我们还发现，携带杂合 AG和 （外显子10）GA基因型的接触个体中，染色体不稳定性和克隆异质性的频率更高。评估农药接触导致的染色体改变和染色体不稳定性，结合鉴定 和 基因中的多态性变体，以及对更多接触农药个体的进一步研究，可能有助于识别效应和易感性生物标志物。这些标志物可能对监测职业接触农药的个体很有价值。
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