He Qing, Wu Yejian, Hou Shuiping, Luo Lei, Zhang Zhoubin
Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China.
Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511436, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Apr 4;12(4):381. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12040381.
A seroepidemiological study was conducted in 2018 to assess diphtheria and tetanus antibodies in Guangzhou, China. Diphtheria and tetanus antibody concentrations were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A total of 715 subjects were enrolled in the study. The overall diphtheria and tetanus toxoid IgG-specific antibody levels were 0.126 IU/mL (95% CI: 0.115, 0.137) and 0.210 IU/mL (95% CI: 0.185, 0.240), respectively; the overall positivity rate was 61.82% (95% CI: 58.14, 65.39) and 71.61% (95% CI: 68.3, 74.92), respectively. The diphtheria and tetanus antibody concentration was decreased by age and increased by doses. The geometric mean concentrations and positivity rate of diphtheria and tetanus antibodies were lowest and below the essential protection level in people over 14 years of age. Compared to children and adolescents, middle-aged people and the aged are at much higher risk of infection with Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Clostridium tetani. The current diphtheria and tetanus immunization schedule does not provide persistent protection after childhood. There is an urgent need to adjust the current immunization schedule.
2018年开展了一项血清流行病学研究，以评估中国广州人群的白喉和破伤风抗体水平。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测白喉和破伤风抗体浓度。共有715名受试者参与了该研究。白喉和破伤风类毒素IgG特异性抗体的总体水平分别为0.126 IU/mL（95%置信区间：0.115，0.137）和0.210 IU/mL（95%置信区间：0.185，0.240）；总体阳性率分别为61.82%（95%置信区间：58.14，65.39）和71.61%（95%置信区间：68.3，74.92）。白喉和破伤风抗体浓度随年龄增长而降低，随接种剂量增加而升高。14岁以上人群白喉和破伤风抗体的几何平均浓度和阳性率最低，且低于基本保护水平。与儿童和青少年相比，中年人和老年人感染白喉棒状杆菌和破伤风梭菌的风险要高得多。目前的白喉和破伤风免疫程序在儿童期后不能提供持久的保护。迫切需要调整现行的免疫程序。
