Department of Nutritional Sciences & Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA.
J Nutr. 2024 Jun;154(6):1758-1765. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.026. Epub 2024 Apr 25.
Considerable controversy exists surrounding the consumption of red meat and its impacts on cardiometabolic health and if it may further impact risk factors at the molecular level.
The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of dietary patterns, varying in red meat quantity, on the expression of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), which are emerging biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction and chronic disease severity.
Secondary analyses were performed on plasma samples collected within a randomized, crossover design study in 16 women with overweight (mean ± standard deviation, age = 33 ± 9.89 y; body mass index = 27.9 ± 1.66 kg/m). Participants were provided with eucaloric, isonitrogenous diets (15% of daily intake as protein) containing either 2 servings of fresh, lean beef/day (BEEF) or 0 servings of fresh, lean beef/day (PLANT) for 7 d/pattern. Fasting blood samples were collected at the end of each dietary pattern for the assessment of 12 circulating metabolic miRNA expression levels (determined a priori by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction), plasma glucose, insulin, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, glucagon-like peptide-1, and branched-chain amino acids.
Of the 12 miRNAs, miR-15b-5p expression was higher following BEEF versus PLANT (P = 0.024). Increased miR-15b-5p expression correlated with decreased fasting CRP (r = -0.494; P = 0.086) and insulin concentrations (r = -0.670; P = 0.017). miR-15b-5p was inversely correlated with insulin resistance (r = -0.642; P = 0.024) and β cell function (r = -0.646; P = 0.023) and positively correlated with markers of insulin sensitivity (r = 0.520; P = 0.083). However, the correlations were only observed following BEEF, not PLANT.
These data indicate that the short-term intake of fresh, lean beef as part of a healthy dietary pattern impacts potential biomarkers of cardiometabolic health that are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in women with overweight. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02614729.
关于食用红肉及其对心脏代谢健康的影响，以及它是否会进一步影响分子水平的风险因素，存在相当大的争议。
本研究旨在探讨不同红肉类摄入量的饮食模式对循环 microRNA（miRNA）表达的急性影响，这些 miRNA 是代谢功能障碍和慢性疾病严重程度的新兴生物标志物。
对 16 名超重女性（平均 ± 标准差，年龄 = 33 ± 9.89 岁；体重指数 = 27.9 ± 1.66 kg/m）进行了一项随机交叉设计研究的血浆样本进行二次分析。参与者接受了热量充足、氮平衡的饮食（每日摄入量的 15%为蛋白质），其中 7 天/模式分别包含 2 份新鲜、瘦牛肉/天（BEEF）或 0 份新鲜、瘦牛肉/天（PLANT）。在每种饮食模式结束时采集空腹血样，用于评估 12 种循环代谢 miRNA 的表达水平（通过定量逆转录聚合酶链反应预先确定）、血浆葡萄糖、胰岛素、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α、C 反应蛋白（CRP）、脂联素、胰高血糖素样肽-1 和支链氨基酸。
在 12 种 miRNA 中，BEEF 后 miR-15b-5p 的表达高于 PLANT（P = 0.024）。miR-15b-5p 的表达增加与空腹 CRP（r = -0.494；P = 0.086）和胰岛素浓度（r = -0.670；P = 0.017）降低相关。miR-15b-5p 与胰岛素抵抗（r = -0.642；P = 0.024）和β细胞功能（r = -0.646；P = 0.023）呈负相关，与胰岛素敏感性标志物呈正相关（r = 0.520；P = 0.083）。然而，这些相关性仅在摄入 BEEF 时观察到，而在摄入 PLANT 时则没有观察到。
这些数据表明，作为健康饮食模式的一部分，短期摄入新鲜、瘦牛肉会影响心脏代谢健康的潜在生物标志物，这些标志物与超重女性的心脏代谢危险因素相关。本研究在 clinicaltrials.gov 注册为 NCT02614729。
