Pirwani Neha, Szabo Attila
Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Doctoral School of Education, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Prev Med Rep. 2024 Apr 24;42:102744. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102744. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Recently, the widespread surge in smartphone addiction (SA) has raised major global health concerns and prompted researchers to scrutinize the inverse relationship between physical activity (PA) and the risk of SA. This systematic literature review aims to synthesize the empirical research on the relationship between PA and SA among university students representing the most affected age group.
Adopting the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, we explored five databases: PubMed, Social Sciences Research Network (SSRN), Oxford Research Archive, Journal Storage (JSTOR), and Google Scholar. We used the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools (MMAT) for quality assessment.
Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-eight of them were cross-sectional, and three were experimental. The 31 studies emerged from 12 countries, most stemming (45.16%) from China. Their findings suggest an inverse relationship between PA and SA in the examined population. However, the direct relationship may be weak based on correlational studies, while intervention research yields noteworthy effects. Still, other factors like resilience may mediate the studied relationship. Methodological concerns render the results of correlational studies tentative.
Regular PA could be a promising preventive measure for SA. Future work should use objective PA indices in longitudinal research designs while assessing the type and duration of smartphone applications used via device meters. In correlational studies, interviews should follow up on the high SA risk or too much device use. In conclusion, moderate evidence indicates that PA SA among university students.
近年来，智能手机成瘾（SA）的广泛激增引发了全球主要的健康担忧，并促使研究人员仔细研究身体活动（PA）与SA风险之间的反向关系。本系统文献综述旨在综合关于PA与SA之间关系的实证研究，这些研究针对的是受影响最大的年龄组——大学生。
采用系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，我们检索了五个数据库：PubMed、社会科学研究网络（SSRN）、牛津研究档案库、期刊存储库（JSTOR）和谷歌学术。我们使用混合方法评估工具（MMAT）进行质量评估。
31项研究符合纳入标准。其中28项为横断面研究，3项为实验研究。这31项研究来自12个国家，大部分（45.16%）来自中国。他们的研究结果表明，在所研究的人群中，PA与SA之间存在反向关系。然而，基于相关性研究，直接关系可能较弱，而干预研究产生了值得注意的效果。此外，其他因素如心理韧性可能会调节所研究的关系。方法学上的问题使得相关性研究的结果具有不确定性。
规律的PA可能是预防SA的一种有前景的措施。未来的研究应在纵向研究设计中使用客观的PA指标，同时通过设备计量器评估所使用的智能手机应用程序的类型和持续时间。在相关性研究中，对于SA风险高或设备使用过多的情况，应进行访谈跟进。总之，有中等证据表明大学生中PA与SA之间存在反向关系。
