Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Room 109, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Department of Surgery, Stony Brook Medicine, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Cardiovasc Eng Technol. 2024 Oct;15(5):503-521. doi: 10.1007/s13239-024-00731-4. Epub 2024 May 6.
Numerical models that simulate the behaviors of the coronary arteries have been greatly improved by the addition of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) methods. Although computationally demanding, FSI models account for the movement of the arterial wall and more adequately describe the biomechanical conditions at and within the arterial wall. This offers greater physiological relevance over Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models, which assume the walls do not move or deform. Numerical simulations of patient-specific cases have been greatly bolstered by the use of imaging modalities such as Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), and Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) to reconstruct accurate 2D and 3D representations of artery geometries. The goal of this study was to conduct a comprehensive review on CFD and FSI models on coronary arteries, and evaluate their translational potential.
This paper reviewed recent work on patient-specific numerical simulations of coronary arteries that describe the biomechanical conditions associated with atherosclerosis using CFD and FSI models. Imaging modality for geometry collection and clinical applications were also discussed.
Numerical models using CFD and FSI approaches are commonly used to study biomechanics within the vasculature. At high temporal and spatial resolution (compared to most cardiac imaging modalities), these numerical models can generate large amount of biomechanics data.
Physiologically relevant FSI models can more accurately describe atherosclerosis pathogenesis, and help to translate biomechanical assessment to clinical evaluation.
通过加入流固耦合（FSI）方法，对冠状动脉的行为进行模拟的数值模型得到了极大的改进。尽管计算要求很高，但 FSI 模型考虑了动脉壁的运动，并更充分地描述了动脉壁内外的生物力学条件。这比假设壁不移动或变形的计算流体动力学（CFD）模型提供了更高的生理相关性。通过使用成像方式，如计算机断层血管造影（CTA）、磁共振成像（MRI）、光学相干断层扫描（OCT）和血管内超声（IVUS），对特定患者的病例进行数值模拟，大大增强了对动脉几何形状的准确 2D 和 3D 重建。本研究的目的是对冠状动脉的 CFD 和 FSI 模型进行全面综述，并评估其转化潜力。
本文综述了最近使用 CFD 和 FSI 模型对与动脉粥样硬化相关的生物力学条件进行患者特定的冠状动脉数值模拟的研究工作。还讨论了用于几何采集和临床应用的成像方式。
使用 CFD 和 FSI 方法的数值模型常用于研究脉管系统内的生物力学。与大多数心脏成像方式相比，这些数值模型具有较高的时间和空间分辨率，可以生成大量的生物力学数据。
生理相关的 FSI 模型可以更准确地描述动脉粥样硬化的发病机制，并有助于将生物力学评估转化为临床评估。
