Department of Nursing, Wachemo University College of Medicine and Health Science, Hosaena, Southern, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Science, Harar, Ethiopia.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024 May 7;24(1):238. doi: 10.1186/s12872-024-03901-3.
Heart failure is a serious medical condition that occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the needs of the tissues. Good self-care is an essential behavior in long term management and maintenance of physiologic stability, better medical and person-centered outcomes. Poor self-care behavior deteriorates the outcomes of heart failure patients. However, there were no sufficient evidences that illustrate the topic in the country, including the study area.
Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 heart failure patients from July 5-August 4, 2021. All adult heart failure patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria and have appointment during study period were included in the study. Interview and medical chart review was used to collect data. Epidata version 3.1 and SPSS version 20 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Bivariate and multivariable analysis was computed. The model fitness was checked by Hosmer and Lemeshow test.
From the total patients, 240 were interviewed with the response rate of 96%. Among these, 140(58.3%) [95% CI: 52.6, 64.9] had poor self-care behavior. Age>54: 9.891 [2.228, 43.922], poor knowledge: 6.980[1.065, 45.727], depression: 4.973[1.107, 22.338], low social support: 6.060[1.373, 26.739], insomnia: 4.801[1.019, 22.622] and duration with heart failure <1 year: 5.782[1.438, 23.247] were factors associated with poor self-care behavior.
In this study, more than half of participants attending at Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in outpatient cardiac follow-up unit had poor self-care behavior. Of the study variables, older age, poor knowledge, depressive symptoms, low social support, insomnia and short duration with heart failure were related with poor self-care behavior. Thus, the findings highlight importance of assessing level of self-care behavior and implicate direction to take action to enhance level of self-care behavior.
心力衰竭是一种严重的医学病症，当心脏无法泵出足够的血液以满足组织的需求时就会发生。良好的自我护理是长期管理和维持生理稳定、更好的医疗和以人为本的结果的重要行为。不良的自我护理行为会恶化心力衰竭患者的预后。然而，包括研究地区在内，国内并没有足够的证据来阐明这一主题。
2021 年 7 月 5 日至 8 月 4 日，在 250 名心力衰竭患者中进行了基于机构的横断面研究。所有符合纳入标准且在研究期间有预约的成年心力衰竭患者均被纳入研究。采用访谈和病历回顾收集数据。分别使用 Epidata 版本 3.1 和 SPSS 版本 20 进行数据录入和分析。进行了单变量和多变量分析。通过 Hosmer 和 Lemeshow 检验检查模型拟合度。
在总共的患者中，有 240 名患者接受了访谈，应答率为 96%。其中，140 名（58.3%）[95%置信区间：52.6，64.9]自我护理行为较差。年龄>54 岁：9.891[2.228，43.922]，知识差：6.980[1.065，45.727]，抑郁：4.973[1.107，22.338]，社会支持低：6.060[1.373，26.739]，失眠：4.801[1.019，22.622]，心力衰竭持续时间<1 年：5.782[1.438，23.247]与较差的自我护理行为相关。
在这项研究中，在 Wachemo 大学 Nigist Eleni 综合专科医院门诊心脏随访单位就诊的患者中，超过一半的患者自我护理行为较差。在研究变量中，年龄较大、知识较差、抑郁症状、社会支持低、失眠和心力衰竭持续时间较短与较差的自我护理行为有关。因此，研究结果强调了评估自我护理行为水平的重要性，并指出了采取行动提高自我护理行为水平的方向。
