University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Clin Otolaryngol. 2024 Sep;49(5):538-551. doi: 10.1111/coa.14171. Epub 2024 May 12.
Three-dimensional (3D) endoscopy has been developed to provide depth perception to allow for improved visualisation during otolaryngology surgery. We conducted a systematic review to determine the surgical safety and efficacy of 3D endoscopy in comparison to two-dimensional (2D) endoscopy in performing otolaryngology procedures, and the role of 3D endoscopy as a training tool for novice otolaryngology surgeons.
Primary studies were identified through MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science databases, which were searched for articles published through June 2022 that compared the outcomes of 2D and 3D endoscopy in otolaryngology surgical procedures or otolaryngology-relevant simulations. Candidate articles were independently reviewed by two authors.
A total of 18 full-text articles met inclusion criteria for this study. In clinical trials (n = 8 studies, 362 subjects), there were no significant differences in performance time, intraoperative or postoperative complications with 3D endoscopes when compared to 2D. In simulation studies (n = 10 studies, 336 participants), 3D endoscopes demonstrated a decreased error rate (n = 5 studies) and shorter performance time (n = 3 studies). Studies also reported improved depth perception (n = 14 studies) and visualisation preference (n = 5 studies) with 3D over 2D systems. The 3D systems were found to have a shorter learning curve and better manoeuvrability among novice surgeons.
3D endoscopy showed equivalent safety and efficacy compared to 2D endoscopy in otolaryngology surgery. The improved depth perception and performance for novices using 3D endoscopes suggests the technology may be superior to 2D endoscopes as a training tool for otolaryngology surgeons.
三维（3D）内窥镜的发展提供了深度感知，从而改善了耳鼻喉科手术中的可视化效果。我们进行了系统评价，以确定 3D 内窥镜在执行耳鼻喉科手术方面与二维（2D）内窥镜相比的手术安全性和有效性，以及 3D 内窥镜作为新手耳鼻喉科医生培训工具的作用。
通过 MEDLINE、Embase 和 Web of Science 数据库进行初步研究，检索截至 2022 年 6 月发表的比较 2D 和 3D 内窥镜在耳鼻喉科手术或耳鼻喉科相关模拟中的结果的文章。两名作者独立审查候选文章。
共有 18 篇全文文章符合本研究的纳入标准。在临床试验（n=8 项研究，362 名受试者）中，与 2D 相比，3D 内窥镜在手术时间、术中或术后并发症方面没有显著差异。在模拟研究（n=10 项研究，336 名参与者）中，3D 内窥镜显示出较低的错误率（n=5 项研究）和较短的手术时间（n=3 项研究）。研究还报告了 3D 系统具有更好的深度感知（n=14 项研究）和视觉偏好（n=5 项研究）。3D 系统在新手外科医生中发现具有较短的学习曲线和更好的可操作性。
3D 内窥镜在耳鼻喉科手术中与 2D 内窥镜相比具有同等的安全性和有效性。新手使用 3D 内窥镜具有更好的深度感知和性能，这表明该技术可能优于 2D 内窥镜，是耳鼻喉科医生的培训工具。
