2022/23 年度流感季末英国初级保健中的流感疫苗有效性。
End of 2022/23 Season Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Primary Care in Great Britain.
机构信息
Statistics, Modelling and Economics Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Clinical and Protecting Health, Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
出版信息
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2024 May;18(5):e13295. doi: 10.1111/irv.13295.
BACKGROUND
The 2022/23 influenza season in the United Kingdom saw the return of influenza to prepandemic levels following two seasons with low influenza activity. The early season was dominated by A(H3N2), with cocirculation of A(H1N1), reaching a peak late December 2022, while influenza B circulated at low levels during the latter part of the season. From September to March 2022/23, influenza vaccines were offered, free of charge, to all aged 2-13 (and 14-15 in Scotland and Wales), adults up to 49 years of age with clinical risk conditions and adults aged 50 and above across the mainland United Kingdom.
METHODS
End-of-season adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates against sentinel primary-care attendance for influenza-like illness, where influenza infection was laboratory confirmed, were calculated using the test negative design, adjusting for potential confounders.
METHODS
Results In the mainland United Kingdom, end-of-season VE against all laboratory-confirmed influenza for all those > 65 years of age, most of whom received adjuvanted quadrivalent vaccines, was 30% (95% CI: -6% to 54%). VE for those aged 18-64, who largely received cell-based vaccines, was 47% (95% CI: 37%-56%). Overall VE for 2-17 year olds, predominantly receiving live attenuated vaccines, was 66% (95% CI: 53%-76%).
CONCLUSION
The paper provides evidence of moderate influenza VE in 2022/23.
背景
在英国，2022/23 流感季出现了流感活动反弹，此前两个流感季的活动水平较低。早期以 A(H3N2)为主，同时 A(H1N1)也有共同流行，达到 2022 年 12 月下旬的高峰，而乙型流感在本季后期的流行水平较低。从 2022 年 9 月到 2023 年 3 月，英国大陆向所有 2-13 岁（苏格兰和威尔士为 14-15 岁）、有临床风险状况的 49 岁以下成年人以及所有年龄在 50 岁及以上的成年人免费提供 2-13 岁（苏格兰和威尔士为 14-15 岁）、有临床风险状况的 49 岁以下成年人以及所有年龄在 50 岁及以上的成年人免费提供 2-13 岁（苏格兰和威尔士为 14-15 岁）、有临床风险状况的 49 岁以下成年人以及所有年龄在 50 岁及以上的成年人免费提供 2-13 岁（苏格兰和威尔士为 14-15 岁）、有临床风险状况的 49 岁以下成年人以及所有年龄在 50 岁及以上的成年人免费提供 2-13 岁（苏格兰和威尔士为 14-15 岁）、有临床风险状况的 49 岁以下成年人以及所有年龄在 50 岁及以上的成年人免费提供 2-13 岁（苏格兰和威尔士为 14-15 岁）、有临床风险状况的 49 岁以下成年人以及所有年龄在 50 岁及以上的成年人免费提供
方法
使用阴性检测设计计算针对哨点初级保健就诊的流感样疾病的季节性调整后疫苗有效性 (VE) 估计值，针对流感感染进行实验室确认，并调整潜在混杂因素。
结果
在英国大陆，≥65 岁人群的最终季节 VE 针对所有实验室确诊的流感为 30%（95%CI：-6%至 54%）。年龄在 18-64 岁的人群中，主要接种的是含佐剂的四价疫苗，VE 为 47%（95%CI：37%-56%）。2-17 岁人群的总体 VE 主要为活减毒疫苗，为 66%（95%CI：53%-76%）。
结论
该研究提供了 2022/23 年流感中度 VE 的证据。
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