Paul and Marcia Center on Contemporary China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.
Center for Social Research, Guanghua School of Management, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 May 21;121(21):e2322920121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2322920121. Epub 2024 May 15.
In this paper, we present findings from four separate studies using different data sources and methods to examine Chinese attitudes toward the United States amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The empirical results consistently indicate a marked and significant decline in Chinese attitudes toward the US between late 2019 and the end of 2022. Using a quasi-experimental design and granular survey data that exploit daily variations in public opinion, we offer additional evidence that the decline in Chinese attitudes toward the United States followed a distinct pattern not true for Chinese attitudes toward other countries. Specifically, the rise in Chinese unfavorability toward the United States closely corresponded to the heightened Chinese attention to the pandemic's progression in the United States. These results collectively suggest a causal effect of COVID-19, shedding light on how public health crises, international relations, and media jointly shape the increasing enmity between the two great powers.
在本文中，我们使用不同的数据来源和方法呈现了四项独立研究的结果，以考察新冠疫情期间中国人对美国的态度。实证结果一致表明，2019 年末至 2022 年底，中国人对美国的态度显著且明显恶化。通过准实验设计和利用民意每日变化的详细调查数据，我们提供了额外的证据表明，中国人对美国态度的下降呈现出一种不同于对其他国家态度的独特模式。具体来说，中国人对美国的负面看法的上升与中国人对美国疫情发展的关注度的提高密切相关。这些结果共同表明，新冠疫情对中国人对美国态度的影响具有因果关系，揭示了公共卫生危机、国际关系和媒体如何共同塑造这两个大国之间日益加剧的敌意。
