Paredes Leonardo Pires, da Silva Brandao Rodrigues Marlon, Santos-Oliveira Ralph
Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21941906, Brazil.
World J Oncol. 2024 Jun;15(3):463-471. doi: 10.14740/wjon1831. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
This study examined cancer mortality trends in Brazil from 1979 to 2021, emphasizing breast and prostate cancers.
Utilizing data from the Brazilian Mortality Information System and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, it analyzed cancer deaths nationally and regionally, highlighting gender-specific and regional disparities.
The research finds that cancer death rates have been growing at an average of 12% per year, contrasting with the population growth rate of 2.2%. This trend is more pronounced in the southern and southeastern regions of Brazil. A comparison of cancer mortality rates between Brazil, the USA, and China reveals that while the Brazilian and Chinese rates exhibit slower growth, the US rate shows a continuous decline since the 1990s.
The study adopts a novel approach by focusing on growth rates and employing polynomial interpolation, revealing a deceleration in cancer death growth over the last 15 years across all malignant neoplasms. The study also contextualizes these findings within Brazil's cancer control policies, tracing the evolution of preventive measures and treatment advancements. It highlights the significant role of the National Cancer Institute and the Unified Health System in implementing effective strategies. The decreasing trend in cancer mortality rates in Brazil, despite population growth, illustrates the effectiveness of comprehensive cancer control and prevention measures, underlining their importance in public health policy.
本研究调查了1979年至2021年巴西的癌症死亡率趋势，重点关注乳腺癌和前列腺癌。
利用巴西死亡率信息系统和巴西地理与统计研究所的数据，分析了全国和地区的癌症死亡情况，突出了性别和地区差异。
研究发现，癌症死亡率以每年平均12%的速度增长，与2.2%的人口增长率形成对比。这一趋势在巴西南部和东南部地区更为明显。巴西、美国和中国之间癌症死亡率的比较显示，巴西和中国的死亡率增长较慢，而美国的死亡率自20世纪90年代以来持续下降。
该研究采用了一种新颖的方法，专注于增长率并采用多项式插值法，揭示了过去15年所有恶性肿瘤的癌症死亡增长减速情况。该研究还将这些发现置于巴西的癌症控制政策背景下，追溯了预防措施和治疗进展的演变。它强调了国家癌症研究所和统一卫生系统在实施有效战略方面的重要作用。尽管人口增长，但巴西癌症死亡率的下降趋势说明了全面癌症控制和预防措施的有效性，突显了它们在公共卫生政策中的重要性。
