Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Cerrahpasa NBHD, Org. Abdurrahman Nafiz Gurman Rd. Building Number:24, 34098, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
Int Ophthalmol. 2024 May 17;44(1):226. doi: 10.1007/s10792-024-03099-5.
Glaucoma and multiple sclerosis (MS) can cause optic disc pathology and, in this way, affect optical coherence tomography (OCT) data. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the changes in the mean, quadrant, and sector data measured by OCT in glaucoma and MS patients.
The sample of this prospective cohort study consisted of 42 MS patients (84 eyes), 34 Primary open-angle glaucomas patients (67 eyes), and 24 healthy control subjects (48 eyes). The MS group was divided into two groups according to the presence of a history of optic neuritis. Accordingly, those with a history of optic neuritis were included in the MS ON group, and those without a history of optic neuritis were included in the MS NON group. The differences between these groups in the mean, quadrant, and sector data related to the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) were evaluated.
Superior nasal (SN), superior temporal (ST), inferior nasal (IN), and superior quadrant (SUP) values were significantly lower in the glaucoma group than in the MS group (p < 0.05). The mean superior GCC (GCC SUP) value was significantly lower in the MS ON group than in the glaucoma group (p < 0.05). On the other hand, SN, ST, inferior temporal (IT), IN, average RNFL (AVE RNFL), semi-average superior RNFL (SUP AVE RNFL), semi-average inferior RNFL (INF AVE RNFL), SUP, and inferior quadrant RNFL (INF) values were significantly lower in the glaucoma group than in the MS NON group (p < 0.05).
RNFL and GCC parameters get thinner in MS and glaucoma patients. While the inferior and superior RNFL quadrants are more frequently affected in glaucoma patients, the affected quadrants vary according to the presence of a history of optic neuritis in MS patients. It is noteworthy that the GCC superior quadrant was thin in MS ON patients. The findings of this study indicate that OCT data may be valuable in the differential diagnosis of glaucoma and MS.
青光眼和多发性硬化症（MS）可导致视盘病变，并由此影响光学相干断层扫描（OCT）数据。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是探讨青光眼和 MS 患者的 OCT 测量的平均值、象限和扇区数据的变化。
本前瞻性队列研究的样本包括 42 例 MS 患者（84 只眼）、34 例原发性开角型青光眼患者（67 只眼）和 24 例健康对照者（48 只眼）。MS 组根据是否存在视神经炎病史分为两组。因此，有视神经炎病史的患者被纳入 MS 视神经炎组，无视神经炎病史的患者被纳入 MS 非视神经炎组。评估这些组之间与视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）和节细胞复合体（GCC）相关的平均值、象限和扇区数据的差异。
与 MS 组相比，青光眼组的上鼻侧（SN）、上颞侧（ST）、下鼻侧（IN）和上象限（SUP）值显著降低（p<0.05）。MS 视神经炎组的平均上 GCC（GCC SUP）值显著低于青光眼组（p<0.05）。另一方面，SN、ST、下颞侧（IT）、IN、平均 RNFL（AVE RNFL）、上平均 RNFL（SUP AVE RNFL）、下平均 RNFL（INF AVE RNFL）、SUP 和下象限 RNFL（INF）值在青光眼组中显著低于 MS 非视神经炎组（p<0.05）。
MS 和青光眼患者的 RNFL 和 GCC 参数变薄。在青光眼患者中，下和上 RNFL 象限更常受到影响，而在 MS 患者中，受影响的象限则根据是否存在视神经炎病史而有所不同。值得注意的是，MS 视神经炎患者的 GCC 上象限变薄。本研究的结果表明，OCT 数据可能有助于青光眼和 MS 的鉴别诊断。
