Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroinformatics, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Neuron. 2024 Jul 17;112(14):2423-2434.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.020. Epub 2024 May 16.
Selective attention is thought to depend on enhanced firing activity in extrastriate areas. Theories suggest that this enhancement depends on selective inter-areal communication via gamma (30-80 Hz) phase-locking. To test this, we simultaneously recorded from different cell types and cortical layers of macaque V1 and V4. We find that while V1-V4 gamma phase-locking between local field potentials increases with attention, the V1 gamma rhythm does not engage V4 excitatory-neurons, but only fast-spiking interneurons in L4 of V4. By contrast, attention enhances V4 spike-rates in both excitatory and inhibitory cells, most strongly in L2/3. The rate increase in L2/3 of V4 precedes V1 in time. These findings suggest enhanced signal transmission with attention does not depend on inter-areal gamma phase-locking and show that the endogenous gamma rhythm has cell-type- and layer-specific effects on downstream target areas. Similar findings were made in the mouse visual system, based on opto-tagging of identified interneurons.
选择性注意被认为依赖于外侧纹状区（striate areas）中增强的放电活动。理论表明，这种增强依赖于通过伽马（30-80Hz）相位锁定的选择性区域间通信。为了验证这一点，我们同时记录了猕猴 V1 和 V4 的不同细胞类型和皮层层的活动。我们发现，虽然 V1-V4 局部场电位之间的伽马相位锁定随注意力增加而增加，但 V1 伽马节律不会激发 V4 兴奋性神经元，而只激发 V4 L4 中的快速放电中间神经元。相比之下，注意力增强了 V4 兴奋和抑制性细胞的尖峰速率，在 L2/3 中最强。V4 的 L2/3 中的尖峰速率在时间上先于 V1。这些发现表明，注意力增强的信号传递不依赖于区域间的伽马相位锁定，并表明内源性伽马节律对下游目标区域具有细胞类型和层特异性的影响。基于对已识别中间神经元的光标记，在小鼠视觉系统中也发现了类似的结果。
