Kanoh Tohgo, Mizoguchi Takamasa, Tonoki Ayako, Itoh Motoyuki
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2024 May 3;16:1399098. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1399098. eCollection 2024.
Many age-related neurological diseases still lack effective treatments, making their understanding a critical and urgent issue in the globally aging society. To overcome this challenge, an animal model that accurately mimics these diseases is essential. To date, many mouse models have been developed to induce age-related neurological diseases through genetic manipulation or drug administration. These models help in understanding disease mechanisms and finding potential therapeutic targets. However, some age-related neurological diseases cannot be fully replicated in human pathology due to the different aspects between humans and mice. Although zebrafish has recently come into focus as a promising model for studying aging, there are few genetic zebrafish models of the age-related neurological disease. This review compares the aging phenotypes of humans, mice, and zebrafish, and provides an overview of age-related neurological diseases that can be mimicked in mouse models and those that cannot. We presented the possibility that reproducing human cerebral small vessel diseases during aging might be difficult in mice, and zebrafish has potential to be another animal model of such diseases due to their similarity of aging phenotype to humans.
许多与年龄相关的神经疾病仍然缺乏有效的治疗方法，这使得对它们的了解成为全球老龄化社会中一个至关重要且紧迫的问题。为了克服这一挑战，一个能够准确模拟这些疾病的动物模型至关重要。迄今为止，已经开发了许多小鼠模型，通过基因操作或药物给药来诱发与年龄相关的神经疾病。这些模型有助于理解疾病机制并找到潜在的治疗靶点。然而，由于人类和小鼠之间存在不同之处，一些与年龄相关的神经疾病在人类病理学中无法完全复制。尽管斑马鱼最近作为一种有前途的衰老研究模型受到关注，但与年龄相关的神经疾病的基因斑马鱼模型却很少。这篇综述比较了人类、小鼠和斑马鱼的衰老表型，并概述了可以在小鼠模型中模拟的与年龄相关的神经疾病以及那些无法模拟的疾病。我们提出，在衰老过程中在小鼠中重现人类脑小血管疾病可能很困难，而斑马鱼由于其衰老表型与人类相似，有潜力成为此类疾病的另一种动物模型。
